MICROSCOPE FOR MIDTERMS Flashcards
an instrument that makes an enlarged image of a small object, thus revealing details too small to be seen by the unaided eye
Microscope
They are Dutch spectacle makers— credited with creating the first compound microscope, a device with two lenses that magnified objects
Hans and Zacharias Janssen
an Italian astronomer, developed a compound microscope with a convex and concave lens, which he used to study insects
Galileo Galilei
an English scientist who published “Micrographia,”
Robert Hooke
Robert Hook published this book called _______, a groundbreaking book containing detailed illustrations of a microscopic observations, including the first description of cells
Micrographia
Used a microscope with one lens to observe insects and other specimen; first to observe bacteria
Antoni van Leeuwenhoek
The development of achromatic lenses by _______, an English optician
Chester Moore Hall
An English optician who significantly improved the quality of microscopes by reducing chromatic aberration
Chester Moore Hall
a British optician, who further refined achromatic lenses, which makes microscopes more powerful & precise
John Dollond
an English scientist, developed the achromatic objective lens, which greatly the resolution of microscopes
Joseph Jackson Lister
_______, a German lens maker, collaborated with _______ to produce microscopes with superior optical quality
Carl Zeiss
Abbe
The invention of the electron microscope by ___________ and _________ revolutionized microscopy, allowing scientists to visualize objects at much higher magnifications
Ernst Ruska and Max Knoll
The development of the phase-contrast microscope by _______________ enabled the visualization of transparent biological specimens
Frits Zernike
3-D specimen images possible with the invention of the scanning tunneling microscope by ____________ and ____________
Gerd Binnig and Heinrich Rohrer
Also known as the eyepiece; located at the top of the microscope.
It is used to look at the specimen.
Come in different magnification powers from 5x to 30x, but the most common are of 10x or 15x magnification
Ocular Lens
Also called the revolving turret.
It houses all the objective lenses.
It can be rotated clockwise or counterclockwise to increase or decrease magnification.
Nose Piece
It is the lens closest to the specimen. They are fitted to the nosepiece.
A standard microscope has 3-4 objective lenses of different magnifying powers: 4x, 10x, 40x, and 100x.
Are color coded and are of different sizes.
Objective Lens
Also known as the “iris”.
It is an adjustable apparatus, with a primary role of controlling the amount of light that reaches the specimen.
Diaphragm
These are lenses that are used to collect and focus light from the illuminator into the specimen.
They play a major role in ensuring clear, sharp images are produce with a high magnification of 400x and above.
The higher the magnification of the condenser, the clearer the image.
Condenser
Its purpose is to provide even, high intensity light at the place of the field aperture, so that light can travel through the condenser to the specimen.
Illuminator
Also called body tube or eyepiece tube.
It is a cylindrical metallic tube that holds the eyepiece lens at one end and connects to the nose piece on the other end.
The light coming from the objectives will bend inside this tube.
Head
This part connects the base to the head and vice versa.
It supports the head of the microscope and is also used when carrying the microscope.
Arm
A flat surface that holds the microscope slide securely in place.
Equipped with clips or a mechanical arm to prevent slide movement.
Allows precise and smooth movement of the slide along the X and Y axes.
Mechanical Stage
Located next to or underneath the stage for easy slide movement.
Move the stage horizontally (X-axis) and vertically (Y-axis).
Allow for precise positioning and centering of the specimen for observation.
Stage Controls
A large knob used for rapid movement of the objective lenses.
Primarily used to bring the specimen into approximate focus.
Works best for low-power objective lenses to quickly find the specimen.
Coarse Adjustment
A smaller knob used for precise focusing.
Moves the stage or objective lenses in small increments.
Essential for sharpening the image, especially with high-power objectives.
Fine Adjustment