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Geography > Gwography Crhistmas Test > Flashcards

Gwography Crhistmas Test Flashcards

1
Q

What is an earthquake?

A

A sudden shaking of the ground caused by the movement of tectonic plates.

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2
Q

True or False: Earthquakes can only occur in areas near tectonic plate boundaries.

A

False

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3
Q

What is the point on the Earth’s surface directly above where an earthquake originates called?

A

Epicenter

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4
Q

Fill in the blank: The scale used to measure the magnitude of an earthquake is called the _____ scale.

A

Richter

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5
Q

What are the primary waves generated by an earthquake called?

A

Shock waves

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6
Q

Which type of volcano is characterized by gentle slopes and non-explosive eruptions?

A

Shield volcano

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7
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a type of volcanic eruption? A) Effusive B) Explosive C) Erosive D) Phreatomagmatic

A

C) Erosive

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8
Q

What is magma called once it reaches the Earth’s surface?

A

Lava

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9
Q

True or False: All rocks are classified into three main types: igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic.

A

True

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10
Q

What type of rock is formed from cooled and solidified magma?

A

Igneous rock

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11
Q

Fill in the blank: Sedimentary rocks are primarily formed through _____ and _____ processes.

A

compaction; cementation

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12
Q

What is the term for the process by which rocks are broken down into smaller pieces?

A

Weathering

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13
Q

Multiple Choice: What type of plate boundary is associated with the formation of mountains? A) Divergent B) Convergent C) Transform

A

B) Convergent

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14
Q

What is the name of the scale used to measure the intensity of an earthquake’s shaking?

A

Modified Mercalli Intensity Scale

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15
Q

True or False: Tsunamis are caused by underwater earthquakes.

A

True

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16
Q

What is a volcanic island arc?

A

A chain of volcanic islands formed at a convergent plate boundary.

17
Q

Fill in the blank: The layer of the Earth that is semi-fluid and allows tectonic plates to move is called the _____.

A

asthenosphere

18
Q

What is the main gas emitted during a volcanic eruption?

A

Water vapor

19
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following rocks is formed from the accumulation of sediments? A) Granite B) Basalt C) Sandstone D) Gneiss

A

C) Sandstone

20
Q

What is a fault in geological terms?

A

A fracture or zone of fractures between two blocks of rock.

21
Q

True or False: The Pacific Ring of Fire is an area with a high number of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions.

A

True

22
Q

Fill in the blank: The process of molten rock becoming solid is known as _____ solidification.

A

magma

23
Q

What type of metamorphism occurs due to high pressure and temperature without the presence of magma?

A

Regional metamorphism

24
Q

Multiple Choice: Which type of volcano is typically steep-sided and has explosive eruptions? A) Shield B) Cinder Cone C) Composite

A

C) Composite

25
Q

What is the term for the area where two tectonic plates slide past each other?

A

Transform boundary

26
Q

True or False: The Earth’s crust is the thinnest layer of the Earth.

A

True

27
Q

What is the main difference between intrusive and extrusive igneous rocks?

A

Intrusive rocks cool slowly beneath the surface; extrusive rocks cool quickly on the surface.

28
Q

Fill in the blank: The process of rocks changing from one type to another is known as the _____ cycle.

A

rock

29
Q

What is the term for a large volcanic eruption that can eject massive amounts of ash and pyroclastic flow?

A

Plinian eruption

30
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is an example of a sedimentary rock? A) Basalt B) Limestone C) Marble D) Pumice

A

B) Limestone

31
Q

What is the relationship between plate tectonics and earthquakes?

A

Earthquakes occur due to the movement and interaction of tectonic plates.

Geography (4 decks)

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