Grammer and Verb Conjugation Rules Flashcards

1
Q

when to use le temps imparfait

A
  1. Descriptions of people, things, states, or situations in the past
    - Elle avait les cheveux blonds et les yeux bleus.
  2. Ongoing states or habits/repeated actions in the past
    - Chaque matin je me levais à 7 heures, je buvais un café et j’allais au travail.

Broad statements - Sentences that begin with:
en géneral
Souvent…
Tous Les Jours..
d’habitude
quand (j’etais jeuns)
autrefois

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Conjugation of l’imparfait

A
  1. Use the ‘nous’ form of the present conjugation as the radical
  2. add the endings as follows (always the same):
    - Je = ais Je faisais
    - Tu = ais Tu faisais
    - Il/Elle/On = ait Il faisait
    - Nous = ions Nous Faisions
    - Vous = iez Vous Faisiez
    - ils/ells = aient Ils faisaient

** endings NEVER change due to masc/fem/plural **

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

When to use le temps Passé Composé

A

Completed actions, sudden or abrupt change

  1. Events or actions completed in the past:
    Hier j’ai fait les courses - Yesterday I did the shopping.
  2. Events or action with a clear duration:
    Emma a vécu à Paris de 2010 à 2015. - Emma has lived in Paris from 2010 to 2015.
  3. A sequence of actions or events:
    J’ai cuisiné, j’ai mangé, et ensuite j’ai fait la vaisselle. - I cooked, I ate, and then I did the washing up.

Specific times - sentences that begin with:
- Une Fois
- La semaine derniére
- en 2022 (a specific year)
- Tout à coup
- Hier

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Passé Composé Auxiliary Verbs - Avoir

A

1.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Passé Composé Auxiliary Verbs - Être

A

Être
Used with ALL reflexive verbs,
- se coucher (to go to bed)
- s’habiller (to get dressed))

Used with verbs of “movement”, “the 16” Dr & Mrs Vandertramp
- Devenir: Je suis sorti
- venir: je suis venu
- rester: je suis resté
- retourner: Je suis retourné

*** Endings change to agree w/masc/fem/plural **

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Past Participle regular verbs

A

Regular ER verbs = é(e)(s)
Regular IR verbs = i(e)(s)
Regular RE verbs = u(e)(s)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

past participle irregular verbs - ‘IRE’

A

=it
Faire = fait
Dire = dit
Erire – écrit
Conduire – conduit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Avoire - Passé composé

A

J’ai eu
Tu as eu
Il/Elle/on a eu
Nous Avons eu
Vous avez eu
Ils/Elles ont eu

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Être - passé composé

A

J’ai été
tu as été
il/elle/on a été
Nous avons été
Vous avez été
ils/elles ont été

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what are the 16 movement verbs? Dr & Mrs Vandertramp

A

DR & MRS VANDERTRAMP

Devenir - to become
Revenir - to come back

Monter - to go up
Rentrer - to come back in
Sortir - to exit

Venir - to come
Arriver - to arrive
Naître - to be born
Descendre - to go down
Entrer - to enter
Retourner - to return
Tomber - to fall
Rester - to stay
Aller - to go
Mourir - to die
Partir - to leave

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Past Participle of the 16 movement verbs

A

DR & MRS VANDERTRAMP

Devenir - Devenu
Revenir - Revenu

Monter - Monté
Rentrer - Resté
Sortir - Sorti

Venir - Venu
Arriver - Arrivé
Naître - Né
Descendre - Descendu
Entrer - Entré
Retourner - Retourné
Tomber - Tombé
Rester - Resté
Aller - Allé
Mourir - Mort
Partir - Parti

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

when to use C’est/ce sont v. Il est/ils sont

A

Followed by:
1. an article + an noun: C’est un beau jardin.
2. an adjective in the masculine, singular: C’est trés chère!
3. a proper noun” C’est Thomas.
4. an opinion: C’est Beau (still a masculin adjective)
5. a general concept: C’est tres important d’être gentil.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

When to use Il/Elle est v. C’est

A
  1. To describe someone, or something specific: Il est Grand.
  2. With a profession: Elle est infirmière
  3. to tell time: Il est hiute heures
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

When to use Dans vs En

A
  1. describing a specific place - La Cuisine, La Salle
  2. a notion of time: Dans 10 minutes
  3. Express a manner: Dans ces conditions-là, ce n’est pas possible
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

When to use En vs Dans

A

En = in, to, or on
1. A situation without articles - Je suis en vacances, en route
2. non-specific locations - en une fois, en ce moment, en face de
3. with countries in the feminine or that start with a vowel - En france, En les États
4. Seasons
5. modes of travel - En Train, en avion, en vélo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

the endings of this verb tense changes to agree with the object

A

Pasée Composé

17
Q

In this verb tense, the endings never change

A

L’imparfait

18
Q

Penser v. Croire

A

Coire exprime un intuition, une impression subjective

Penser est plus rationnel, logique, objective

19
Q

Savoire v. Connaître

A

Savoire: knowledge of facts, skills, or abilities

Connaître - familiarity with people, places or things

20
Q

When to use en vs le/la/les

A

En goes with:
1. any noun that has ‘de’ with it
2. quantities & numbers
3. Places (cities, buildings, etc.)