foundations in chemistry

Question 1

isotopes

Answer 1

atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons and different masses

Question 2

relative isotopic mass

Answer 2

mass compared with 1/12th of a carbon-12 atom

Question 3

relative atomic mass

Answer 3

weighted mean mass compared with 1/12th the mass of a carbon-12 atom

Question 4

ion formulae : nitrate, carbonate, sulfate, hydroxide, ammonium, zinc, silver

Answer 4

NO3- , CO3 2- , SO4 2-, OH-, NH4+, Zn 2+, Ag+

Question 5

definition of a mole

Answer 5

1 mole is the amount of substance that contains 6.02x10*23 particles

Question 6

formulae of common acids - hydrochloric, sulfuric, nitrate, ethanoic

Answer 6

HCl, H2SO4, HNO3, CH3COOH

Question 7

acid+alkali ->

Answer 7

salt+water

Question 8

acid+metal oxide->

Answer 8

salt+water

Question 9

acid+carbonate->

Answer 9

salt+water+CO2

Question 10

acid+metal->

Answer 10

salt +hydrogen

Question 11

orbital

Answer 11

region around the nucleus that can hold up to two electrons with opposite spins

Question 12

shape of s orbitals

Answer 12

spherical

Question 13

shape of p orbitals

Answer 13

dumbbell

Question 14

Ionic bonding

Answer 14

electrostatic attraction between positive and negative ions

Question 15

covalent bond

Answer 15

strong electrostatic attraction between a shared pair of electrons and the nuclei of the bonded atoms

Question 16

electronegativity

Answer 16

ability of an atom to attract the bonding electrons in a covalent bond