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MIDTERMS NA HOI

1
Q

BRANCHES OF PHILOSOPHY

A

(E.M.L.E.A.S&P.PHP.T)
EPISTEMOLOGY
METAPHYSICS
LOGIC
ETHICS
AESTHETICS
SOCIAL and POLITICAL PHILOSOPHY
PHILOSOPHY OF THE HUMAN PERSON
THEODICY/ PHILOSOPHY OF RELIGION

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2
Q

It is the branch of philosophy that deals with the study of knowledge

A

EPISTEMOLOGY

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3
Q

It is the branch of philosophy that deals with the study of reality

A

METAPHYSICS

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4
Q

It is the branch of philosophy that deals with the study of reason/ reasoning

A

LOGIC

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5
Q

It is the branch of philosophy that deals with the morality of human act

A

ETHICS

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6
Q

It is the branch of philosophy that deals with the study of art and beauty

A

AESTHETICS

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7
Q

It is the branch of philosophy that deals with the study of SOCIETY, LIBERTY, JUSTICE

A

SOCIAL AND POLITICAL PHILOSOPHY

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8
Q

It is the branch of philosophy that questions the human person

A

PHILOSOPHY OF THE HUMAN PERSON

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9
Q

It is the branch of philosophy that deals with the study of God and/or religion

A

THEODICY / PHILOSOPHY OF RELIGION

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10
Q

WHAT DID SOCRATES SAY?

A

“An unexamined life is not worth living”

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11
Q

A man by nature is good and it is because he is the IMAGO DEI: since God is considered as the SUMMUM BONUM or the Highest Good, man is also naturally good. What is our basis regarding this claim?

A

GENESIS 1:26-27

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12
Q

IMAGO DEI

A

“image of God”

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13
Q

SUMMUM BONUM

A

Highest Good

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14
Q

the following concepts are under an atheistic approach except:

a. Man is matter and does not have spiritual dimension
b. Man is free and must exercise his freedom to promote the
welfare of the society
c. There is no life after death
d. Man is accountable only to the state
e.Morality is the only reality

A

e. MORALITY is the only reality

explanation:

Morality should be replaced with Matter

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15
Q

The moral law cannot be dissociated from what?

A

NATURAL LAW AND ETERNAL LAW OF GOD

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16
Q

These actions are done by the human person based on knowledge and the full consent of the will.

A

HUMAN ACTS

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17
Q

These are involuntary actions that the human person does.

A

ACTS OF MAN

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18
Q

He said that, “A man without ETHICS is a wild beast loosed upon this world”.

A

ALBERT CAMUS

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19
Q

Ethics came from the greek word ?

A

“Ethos” - characteristic way of acting
“Ethike” - custom or norm

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20
Q

When do we experience MORAL DILLEMAS?

A

“When our well-defined values and principles COMPETE with each other.”

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21
Q

When do we experience moral dillemas?

A

When the competition is “WRONG vs. WRONG”.

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22
Q

In the decision making process, system 1: Thinking which is quick and impulsive; system 2: which is slow and analytical was proposed by:

A

KAHNEMAN

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23
Q

This law refers to the fact that “the whole community of the universe is governed by Divine Reason because of this, the very notion of the government of things in God the Ruler of the universe, has the nature of a law.

A

ETERNAL LAW

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24
Q

It is the most secret core and sanctuary of man there he is alone with God whose voice echoes with his depths.

A

FAITH

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25
Q

This makes him capable of doing for expressing his choice whether good or bad actions.

A

WILL OR WILL OF MAN

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26
Q

It is when a person knowingly, or unknowingly, makes a mistake in judgement by doing the wrong thing which they, consciously, believed was the right thing to do.

A

Erroneous conscience

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27
Q

is the act by which we judge, approvingly or disapprovingly, our conduct in the light of our rational moral knowledge.

A

CONSCIENCE

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28
Q

He explains that Philosophy is an open path that is certainly not the only one

A

MARTIN HEIDEGGER
(German existential philosopher)

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29
Q

He said that “Philosophy starts with wonder”

A

PLATO

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30
Q

what is the “Ignorance of humanity trapped in the conventional ethics formed by society” stated by PLATO?

A

“Allegory of the Cave”

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31
Q

What is Philosophy?

A

It talks about REALITY.
Begins not in CERTAINTY but in DOUBT.
Begins not in JUDGEMENT but in QUESTIONS.

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32
Q

it is the combination of WONDER and REASON

A

PHILOSOPHICAL INSIGHT

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33
Q

3 SOURCES OF PHILOSOPHIZING

A

WONDER
DOUBT
LIMIT SITUATION

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34
Q

He said “Questions are more important than answers”

A

KARL JASPERS

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35
Q

He coined the word “Philosophy”

A

PYTHAGORAS

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36
Q

ETYMOLOGY OF PHILOSOPHY

A

PHILIA- LOVE
SOPHIA- WISDOM

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37
Q

4 WAYS OF DOING PHILOSOPHY

A

SPECULATIVE AND DESCRIPTIVE
NORMATIVE
CRITICAL
PRACTICAL

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38
Q

WAYS OF DOING PHILOSOPHY THAT DELVES WITH THE QUESTION “WHAT IS THE ESSENCE?”

A

SPECULATIVE AND DESCRIPTIVE

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39
Q

WAYS OF DOING PHILOSOPHY THAT DELVES WITH THE QUESTION “WHAT IS TRUTH?”

A

CRITICAL

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40
Q

WAYS OF DOING PHILOSOPHY THAT DELVES WITH THE QUESTION “WHAT IS GOOD OR BAD?”

A

NORMATIVE

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41
Q

WAYS OF DOING PHILOSOPHY THAT DELVES WITH THE QUESTION “WHAT IS TRUTH IN RELATION TO ACTION?”

A

PRACTICAL

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42
Q

Philosophy will make
you:

A

*Criticize
*Wonder
*Ask questions
*Reflect
*Think
*Act

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43
Q

What is the nature of Philosophy?

A

The nature of philosophy is the INQUIRY OF THE PERSON TO KNOW himself and the things around him.

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44
Q

The inherent desire to know all that there is to know about all that there is.

A

Radical Dynamism of the Human Spirit

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45
Q

3 TYPES OF MAN

A

LOVER OF PLEASURE
LOVER OF WISDOM
LOVER OF SUCCESS

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46
Q

THE HIGHEST FORM OF MAN ACCORDING TO PYTHAGORAS

A

LOVER OF WISDOM

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47
Q

HE QUOTED THAT “Ang Pilosopiya ay ginagawa”

A

FATHER/ PADRE ROQUE FERRIOLS S.J

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48
Q

PHILOSOPHY ANSWERS THE CENTRAL PROBLEMS OF:

A

NATURE OF UNIVERSE
STANDARDS OF JUSTICE
VALIDITY OF KNOWLEDGE
CORRECT APPLICATION OF REASON
CRITERIA OF BEAUTY

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49
Q

He quoted that “An unexamined life is not worth living”

A

SOCRATES

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50
Q

NAME OF OUR PROFESSOR

A

JOHN PAUL CARINO GANIA

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51
Q

IT IS THE CHARACTERISTICS BELONGING TO A MAN AS A RATIONAL BEING

A

ETHICS

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52
Q

Man is endowed by nature with ___

A

MORAL SENSE (AGAPAY)

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53
Q

ETHOS OF MAN

A

*Distinguish good from bad, right from wrong, moral from immoral
*Obligation to do what is good
*Accountability to one’s actions
*Man is endowed by nature with Moral Sense (Agapay)

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54
Q

ETYMOLOGY OF MORAL AND MORALITY

A

LATIN WORD
mos (moral),
mores (morality)

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55
Q

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN ETHICS AND MORALS

A

Ethics - right or wrong
Moral - good or bad

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56
Q

it applies to everyone
regardless of belief tradition and practices.

A

ETHICS

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57
Q

it applies to a specific group
of people, community,
culture, or even personal.

A

MORAL

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58
Q

TITLE OF BOOK BY KARL JASPERS

A

WAY OF WISDOM

59
Q

It is a philosophical science dealing with the morality of human acts.

A

ETHICS

60
Q

This is the process of intellect, the process of removing, a process that will help man in criticizing things for him to make a better judgment.

A

ABSTRACTION

61
Q

a person having the inclination or
habit to do good

A

VIRTUOUS

62
Q

a person having the inclination or
habit to do bad

A

VICIOUS

63
Q

TYPES OF ETHICS

A

NORMATIVE ETHICS
METAETHICS ETHICS
APPLIED ETHICS

64
Q

It is prescriptive;
it attempts to develop guidelines or theories that tells us how we ought to behave

A

NORMATIVE ETHICS

65
Q

It aims to understand the nature and dynamics of ethical principles; and asks the origin of moral acts and how we acquire moral beliefs.

A

METAETHICS ETHICS

66
Q

It is an actual application of moral and ethics theories for the purpose of deciding which moral actions are appropriate in a given situation

A

APPLIED ETHICS

67
Q

The first step in Dealing with Ethical Issues and Moral Dilemmas.

A

Gather the facts

68
Q

The second step in Dealing with Ethical Issues and Moral Dilemmas.

A

Who are the stakeholders

69
Q

The third step in Dealing with Ethical Issues and Moral Dilemmas.

A

Articulate the dilemma as clearly as possible as you can

70
Q

The fourth step in Dealing with Ethical Issues and Moral Dilemmas.

A

List the alternatives

71
Q

The fifth step in Dealing with Ethical Issues and Moral Dilemmas.

A

Compare the alternatives with the principles you’ve identified in the dilemma

72
Q

The sixth step in Dealing with Ethical Issues and Moral Dilemmas.

A

What are the consequences

73
Q

The seventh step in Dealing with Ethical Issues and Moral Dilemmas.

A

Make a decision

74
Q

TWO ETHICAL THEORIES

A

theistic and atheistic

75
Q

God is the Supreme Creator and Lawgiver

A

THEISTIC

76
Q

Matter is the only reality

A

ATHEISTIC

77
Q

KIDDER’S FOUR PARADIGMS FOR UNDERSTANDING ETHICAL DILEMMAS

A

TRUTH VS. LOYALTY
INDIVIDUAL VS. COMMUNITY
SHORT TERM VS. LONG TERM
JUSTICE VS. VIRTUE

78
Q

Sacrifice for the sake of the common good is an example of what pattern?

A

INDIVIDUAL VS. COMMUNITY

79
Q

Present happiness/ goodness or future benefits is an example of what pattern?

A

SHORT TERM VS. LONG TERM

80
Q

WE ARE WHAT WE REPEATEDLY DO

A

Aristotle

81
Q

When our well-defined values and
principles compete with each other

A

MORAL DILEMMA

82
Q

are situations in which the decision-maker must consider two or more moral values or duties but can only honor one of them

A

MORAL DILEMMA

83
Q

the choice is between a wrong and another, roughly equal wrong

A

REAL DILEMMA/ MORAL DILEMMA

84
Q

the choice is actually between a right and
a wrong

A

FALSE DILEMMA OR NON-MORAL DILEMMA

85
Q

This are not mostly about good and evil
but it is about competing values

A

DILEMMAS

86
Q

T OR F
In Western Philosophy, Sophia or wisdom is understood as a strong desire for a particular object while Philos/Philiia is understood as a correct application of knowledge.

A

FALSE

86
Q

T OR F
The Radical Dynamism of the Human Spirit is the inherent desire to know all that there is no know about all that there is.

A

FALSE
(The Radical Dynamism of the Human Spirit is the inherent desire to know all that there is “TO” know about all that there is.)

87
Q

T OR F
The nature of philosophy is to answer central basic problems namely: the nature of the universe, the standard of justice, the validity of knowledge, the correct application of reason, and the criteria of beauty.

A

TRUE

87
Q

T OR F
Morality also called moral philosophy, is the discipline concerned with what is morally good or bad, right and wrong.

A

FALSE
(this is Ethics)

88
Q

T OR F
Morals are applicable to everyone regardless of their belief.

A

FALSE

89
Q

T OR F
The values and principles in the Theistic System are relative and changeable.

A

FALSE

90
Q

T OR F
Philosophy begins in certainty but not in doubt.

A

FALSE

91
Q

T OR F
Philosophy is the science of all things.

A

TRUE

92
Q

T OR F
Cosmology is also a branch of Philosophy that is defined as the science of the universe.

A

TRUE

93
Q

T OR F
We can perfectly possess a comprehensive understanding of all that is meant by wisdom because of our reason.

A

TRUE

94
Q

T OR F
Ethics comes from the Latin word “ethos” which means customs, habits, or character.

A

FALSE
(came from Greek)

95
Q

T OR F
In the atheistic approach, there is an assumption that God is the supreme lawgiver.

A

FALSE
(Theistic)

96
Q

T OR F
Philosophy was coined by Plato by combining two Greek words Philia and Sophia.

A

FALSE
(Pythagoras)

97
Q

T OR F
Philia means love and Sophia means wisdom.

A

TRUE

98
Q

T OR F
Human acts are the manifestation of one’s character or moral conduct which are performed by man knowingly and freely.

A

TRUE

99
Q

T OR F
Animals’ medium of acquiring knowledge is only through their senses and their appetency or their drive to seek is through their instincts.

A

TRUE

100
Q

T OR F
What is legal is not necessarily moral/ethical.

A

TRUE

101
Q

T OR F
The normative way of doing philosophy posits the question, “What is truth in relation to action?”

A

FALSE
(It is not normative but rather Practical )

102
Q

T OR F
Moral applies to a specific group of people, community, culture, or even personal.

A

TRUE

103
Q

T OR F
The will of man makes him capable of doing for expressing his choice either good or bad actions.

A

TRUE

104
Q

T OR F
Ethics can be defined as a set of beliefs and convictions about right and wrong; this concept applies to interpersonal interactions, as well as to people’s obligations towards animals.

A

FALSE
(This is morality)

105
Q

T OR F
Ethics refers to those characteristics belonging to a man as a rational being, endowed with intellect and free will.

A

TRUE

106
Q

WHO SAID THAT “ALL EXTREME CAN BECOME NEGATIVE”

A

ARISTOTLE

107
Q

EXAMPLE OF APPLIED ETHICS

A

BUSINESS ETHICS, BIOMEDICAL ETHICS, ENVIRONMENTAL ETHICS

108
Q

IN THEISTIC APPROACH, A MAN HAS A _____ SOUL

A

IMMORTAL / IMMORTAL SOUL

109
Q

it is the Foundation of Morality

A

FREEDOM

110
Q

Who quoted: “Man is nothing but what he makes of himself”

A

Jean Paul Sartre

111
Q

it is the “power of acting or of not acting, according to the determination of the will:

A

Free Will

112
Q

there are no external impediments to an
agent doing what he wants to do

A

FREEDOM

113
Q

Human person is not free because his/her decisions, actions, and behavior are determined by his/her BIOLOGICAL, PSYCHOLOGICAL, AND SOCIOLOGICAL CONDITION

A

PAN-DETERMINISM

114
Q

FREEDOM is an ILLUSION

A

PAN-DETERMINISM

115
Q

i am calm, kind, friendly, and sociable; others have the opposite traits.

A

BIOLOGICAL DETERMINISM

116
Q

Your choice is a product of your values, preferences, wishes and hopes and past experiences that continue to determine your present decision, action and behavior.

A

Psychological Determinism

117
Q

Father of the School of
Psychoanalysis

A

SIGMUND FREUD

118
Q

known for his concepts of the three aspects of human personality (id, ego, and superego) and the three levels of the mind
(conscious, subconscious, and unconscious)

A

SIGMUND FREUD

119
Q

Human behavior can be controlled by way of positive and negative reinforcement,
reward and punishment, and extinction.

A

Sociological Determinism

120
Q

He proposed Sociological Determinism

A

Burrhus Frederic Skinner
(B. F. SKINNER)

121
Q

He is an Austrian philosopher, neurologist, and psychotherapist that founded logo therapy, the third school of psychotherapy.

A

Victor E. Frankl

122
Q

All events, including human actions
are ultimately determined by causes
external to the human will.

A

Determinism

123
Q

individual human beings have no
free will and cannot be held morally
responsible for their actions

A

Determinism

124
Q

what are the three types of being according to Jean Paul Sartre?

A
  1. En-soi (in itself)
  2. Pour-soi (for itself)
  3. Pour-autrui (for others)
125
Q

Refers to that which is static and self-
contained, Human facticity, Human
situatedness

A

En-soi (in itself)

126
Q

Existence precedes essence (man decides
and act).
Man holds the ability to go beyond his given situations

A

Pour-soi (for itself)

127
Q

Man chooses not only for himself but for all of humankind. He is responsible not only for his own individuality but for everyone.

A

Pour-autrui (for others)

128
Q

This means that he carries with him the great moral burden of being responsible for his fellow human being.

A

ANGUISH

129
Q

It is the science of the universe.

A

COSMOLOGY

130
Q

Latin verb ‘scire’ which means to know.

A

SCIENCE

131
Q

Attained when a person knows the causes of things

A

CERTITUDE

132
Q

Natitimbang ng tao ang uri ng pamumuhay ng kanyang sarili at kapwa ayon sa:

A

NIBEL NG KALUSUGAN - estado ng pangangatawan
NIBEL NG PAGHAWAK SA ARI-ARIAN– mayaman o mahirap
NIBEL NG KAKAYAHAN SA ISANG LINYA - estabo sa larangan ng trabaho at propesyon
NIBEL NG MISMONG PAGPAPAKATAO - nasusukat sa pag-uugali at moral ng isang tao

133
Q

Galing sa Latin na “norma” na ang ibig sabihin ay “pamantayan”, “sukatan”.

A

NORMATIBO

134
Q

Galing sa katagang Griyego na “heurisko” na ang ibig sabihin ay “naghahanap ako”.

A

HEURISTIKO

135
Q

APAT NA URI NG MORALIDAD

A

KANTIANO “Sariling Paningin”

NEO-KANTIANO “Sariling Likhang Kahulugan”

ANG TOTALETARYONG MORALIDAD NG ILANG ESTADO “Gobyerno”

POSITIBISMONG MAKA ESTADISTIKA “Ethics Of The Majority”

136
Q

the ancient Greek term for an end,
fulfilment, completion, goal or aim;

A

TELOS

137
Q

also called moral philosophy, the
discipline concerned with what is morally
good or bad, right and wrong

A

ETHICS

138
Q

lumilitaw at umiiral sa kanyang
pagmamalay bilang isang palaging nandoon at palaging tumutulak sa kanya na pagnanais
lumigaya.

A

TELOS NG TAO

139
Q

is comprised of those precepts of the eternal law that govern the behavior of beings possessing reason and free will.

A

NATURAL LAW / LEY NATURAL

140
Q

is the historical laws of Scripture given to us through God’s self-revelation; divided into the Old Law and the New Law, which correspond to the Old and New Testaments of the Bible

A

DIVINE LAW

141
Q

is a foundation for moral and civil law.

A

HUMAN LAW

SECOND YEAR (2 decks)

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