D2 Prep and training methods

Question 1

What is an example of a laboratory test?

Answer 1

VO2 Max Treadmill Test

Question 2

What is an example of a field test?

Answer 2

Multi-stage fitness test

Question 3

What is quantitative data?

Answer 3

numerical information that can be measured and counted
often involves quantities, amounts and values expressed in numbers, such as scores, times, distances or weights

Question 4

What is an example of quantitative data?

Answer 4

recording heart rate
counting number of goals scored

Question 5

What is qualitative data?

Answer 5

descriptive information that characterises but doesn’t measure
Includes subjective data, e.g. opinions, descriptions, observations
words not numbers

Question 6

What is an example of qualitative data?

Answer 6

describing athletes technique
feedback on how athlete feels

Question 7

What is the multi stage fitness test?

Answer 7

shuttle run over 20m
time interval between bleeps decreases as level increases
test of aerobic capacity

Question 8

What quantitative data is produced in multi stage fitness test?

Answer 8

get a level and a shuttle: e.g. 11.2
indicates VO2 Max

Question 9

What is the 12 minute cooper run?

Answer 9

continuous 12m run, often performed around 400m track
designed for lots of people

Question 10

What quantitative data is produced by 12 min cooper run?

Answer 10

total distance ran measured in m

Question 11

What is the Havard step test?

Answer 11

continuously step up onto a platform in time to an increasingly quick bleep

Question 12

What quantitative data is produced by Havard step test?

Answer 12

level and shuttle

Question 13

What is validity?

Answer 13

degree to which data measures what it intends to measure
e.g. testing for muscular strength and measuring heart rate is not valid

Question 14

What is reliability?

Answer 14

degree to which data collection is consistent and stable over time
e.g. test can be completed again by another researcher in similar setting

Question 15

What should a warm up involve?

Answer 15

cardiovascular warm-up (pulse raiser)
stretching (static + ballistic)
sport specific phase (skills specific to performance)

Question 16

What is active stretching?

Answer 16

activate a muscle to hold stretch without external assistance
agonist contracts to help stretch antagonist

Question 17

What is passive stretching?

Answer 17

external force to achieve stretch
e.g. wall/person

Question 18

What are the physiological benefits of a warm-up?

Answer 18

reduce possibility of injury
increase speed of nerve impulses
increase in muscle temp
allows for rehearsal of movement/mental
increase blood flow
increase productions of synovial fluid
release of adrenaline

Question 19

How will reducing the possibility of injury benefit the performer?

Answer 19

responding to similar movements experienced during game
getting brain to start telling body what movements to do

Question 20

How will increase in speed of nerve impulses benefit the performer?

Answer 20

along axon, you propagate speed of electrical impulses due to myelin sheath

Question 21

How will increase in muscle temperature benefit the performer?

Answer 21

increasing muscle temp sp increasing flexibility of muscles

Question 22

How will rehearsal of movement benefit the performer?

Answer 22

responding to similar movements experienced during game
getting brain to start telling body what movements to do

Question 23

How will increasing blood flow benefit the performer?

Answer 23

heart rate increase so more oxygen supplied to working muscles for aerobic respiration
increased muscular contraction and better performance

Question 24

How will mental rehearsal benefit the performer?

Answer 24

good to get in zone / to make good decisions
stimulates sympathetic nervous system to speed up heart rate

Question 25

How will increase production of synovial fluid benefit the performer?

Answer 25

reduced friction in joints
smoother movements

Question 26

How will release of adrenaline benefit the performer?

Answer 26

adrenal glands produce adrenaline
stimulates sympathetic nervous system to speed up heart rate

Question 27

Why should a cool-down be used?

Answer 27

repay oxygen-debt
reduce effect of DOMS
increase venous return
decrease chance of cramps
flush out lactic acid

Question 28

What are the principles of training?

Answer 28

Specificity
Progressive Overload
Reversibility
Tedium
(Recovery)

Question 29

Why is recovery needed?

Answer 29

rest days to ensure body has time to recover, repair and recuperate
amount of recovery required depends on level of performer

Question 30

What are the principles of overload?

Answer 30

Frequency
Intensity
Time
Type

Question 31

Why do you need to stress your body lots before a race?

Answer 31

so you recover at a higher intensity
strength decreases from start point to then during recovery, exceeding start point

Question 32

Why will work capacity gradually increase over time?

Answer 32

as after exercise, the body will undergo lots of stress, during recovery work capacity will increase so next exercise can be done at higher intensity