Y9 Flashcards
(23 cards)
What are the 3 parts of an atom?
Proton
Neutron
Electron
- What is the relative mass for each part of the atom?
- What is the relative charge for each part of the atom?
- Proton-1
Neutron- 1
Electron- 1/2000 - Proton- (+1)
Neutron- 0
Electron- (-1)
- What is the mass number?
- What is the atomic number?
1.Protons+Neutrons.
2. Protons, electrons.
What is Ionic bonding?
Metal atom donates electron to a non-metal atom.
What is Covalent bonding?
Non-metal atoms share a pair of electrons?
- What does the period number tell you on a periodic table?
- What does the group number tell you on a periodic table?
- Amount of electron shells.
- The amount of electrons in the outermost electron shell.
What is the prefix of an alkane/alkene if it has:
1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10 carbon atoms?
1- Meth
2- Eth
3- Prop
4- But
5- Pent
6- Hex
7- Hept
8- Oct
9- Non
10- Dec
- What is an alkane and the general formula?
- What is an alkene and the general formula?
- Saturated hydrocarbon. CnH2n+2.
- Unsaturated hydrocarbon. CnH2n.
What are properties of a transition metal?
- Dense
- High melting point
- Coloured
- Strong/hard
- Can act as a catalyst
What are ways to prevent corrosion?
Electroplating- Thin layer of metal on an object.
Sacrificial protection- Put a more reactive metal on a less reactive metal so the more reactive one will get oxidised.
How do you reduce metals?
Explain.
-You add carbon to a less reactive metals to the carbon displaces it to form carbon dioxide.
- Electrolysis. The oxygen goes to the anode (positively charged side) and the metal goes to the cathode (negatively charged side).
How do you extract metals?
Explain.
Bioleaching- Bacteria separates metals from their ores because bacteria gets the energy from the bonds between the atoms and in the process the metal is extracted.
Phytoextraction- Grow plants in soil that has metals in so the plants will take the metals i through the roots and into the leafs then the p,ants are burnt and the metals will be in the ash and then extracted.
What is oxidation and reduction?
Oxidation- Loss of electrons and gain of oxygen.
Reduction- Gain of electrons and loss of oxygen.
What is an alkane and alkene?
What is their formula?
Alkane- Hydrocarbon which all bonds are single covalent and are saturated. C(n) H(2n+2).
Alkene- Hydrocarbon that contains at least one double bond and is unsaturated.
C(n) H(2n).
What is a hydrocarbon?
A compound that only contains hydrogen and carbon.
What is an isomer?
A hydrocarbon with the same molecular formula but different display formula (the double bond is in the 2nd C-C bond instead of the first one).
What is a homologous series?
Group of compounds that make similar bonds.
How does fractional distilation work?
Less dense fuels rise while more dense ones sink.
What is the trend in the fractions?
The further down the:
- Higher boiling point.
- Increased viscosity.
- Decreased volatility.
- Increased size.
- Less flammable.
How does acid rain form?
1) SO2 and N2O2 are given out through cars.
2) They are carried through air currents reacting with chemicals.
3) These chemicals mix with water to form acid rain.
What are the dangers of CO?
Bind to haemoglobin so less oxygen is in the body resulting in death or other things like nausea.
What are advantages and disadvantages of a fuel cell?
Advantages:
- Doesn’t result in acid rain.
- Doesn’t contribute to CC.
- Efficient and don’t need to be replaced.
Disadvantages:
- Expensive.
- Can’t be used in power stations.
- Hydrogen is explosive.
- Difficult to store safely.
What is a polymer, monomer and polymerisation?
Polymer- A long chain molecule made from lots of small chain molecules put together.
Monomer- Small molecules.
Polymerisation- Formation of polymers from lots of monomers.
