Ch 12 Proteins&NucleicAcids

Question 1

Amino acids contain which 2 functional groups?

Answer 1

Amine and Carboxylic Acid

Question 2

All amino acids are chiral except?

Answer 2

glycine

Question 3

Amines are bases, so the amine functional group is converted into its ______ charged conjugate acid at ______ pH.

Answer 3

Positively and low

Question 4

The carboxylic acid functional group is converted into its ______ charged base at ____ pH

Answer 4

Negatively and high

Question 5

What is primary structure of a polypeptide chain? What is the significance of the primary chain?

Answer 5

The sequence of the amino acids in the chain. The primary structure is ultimately responsible for the function of the protein.

Question 6

Both the alpha helix and the beta pleated sheet are maintained by?

Answer 6

hydrogen bonding that occurs between the hydrogen atom on an amide nitrogen with an oxygen in a carbonyl group.

Question 7

The tertiary structure is maintained by?

Answer 7

hydrogen bonding and London forces.

Question 8

What is denaturing of a protein? What are three ways this can occur?

Answer 8

the protein loses its tertiary (and secondary) structure.

Addition of an organic solvent, changing the pH, or adding a heavy metal ion

Question 9

What is a nucleoside?

Answer 9

A sugar (ribose or deoxyribose) bonded to a nitrogenous base

Question 10

In RNA, thymidine is replaced with?

Answer 10

uridine (U)

Question 11

What is a nucleotide? How is it formed?

Answer 11

Phosphate group added to nucleoside via phosphate ester bond

Question 12

What is the base pairing of DNA and how many bonds holds that pair together?

Answer 12

A and T via 2 hydrogen bonds.

C and G via 3 hydrogen bonds