2.1.1 Atomic structure and isotopes

Question 1

definition for relative isotopic mass

Answer 1

the mass of an atom of a single isotope relative to the 1/12th of a carbon 12 atom

Question 2

definition of relative atomic mass

Answer 2

the weighted mean mass of an atom of an element relative to the 1/12th of a carbon 12 atom, talking into account isotopic abundance

Question 3

equation for RAM

Answer 3

(iso 1 x abun) + (iso 2 x abun)
—————————————-
100

Question 4

hydroxide ion formula

Answer 4

OH-

Question 5

nítrate ion formula

Answer 5

NO3-

Question 6

sulphate ion formula

Answer 6

SO4^2-

Question 7

carbonate ion formula

Answer 7

CO3^2-

Question 8

method for writing ionic equations

Answer 8

separate the aqueous compounds into its ions

balance equation fully

remove spectator ions

rewrite equation without the spectator ions

Question 9

how many electrons can the first electron shell hold

Answer 9

2 electrons

Question 10

how many electrons can the second electron shell hold

Answer 10

8 electrons

Question 11

how many electrons can the third electron shell hold

Answer 11

18 electrons

Question 12

how many electrons can the fourth electron shell hold

Answer 12

32 electrons

Question 13

definition of an orbital

Answer 13

regions of space around the nucleus that can hold two electrons with opposite spin

Question 14

what shape is an s orbital

Answer 14

sphere shape

Question 15

what shape is a p orbital

Answer 15

a dumbell shape (figure of 8)

Question 16

how many orbitals are in the sub level s

Answer 16

1

Question 17

how many orbitals are in the sub level p

Answer 17

3

Question 18

how many orbitals are in the sub level d

Answer 18

5

Question 19

what are the maximum number of electrons in sub level s

Answer 19

2

Question 20

what are the maximum number of electrons in sub level p

Answer 20

6

Question 21

what are the maximum number of electrons in sub level d

Answer 21

10

Question 22

what is the order for electron configuration

Answer 22

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6

Question 23

what is the Pauli exclusion principle

Answer 23

each orbital can hold TWO electrons with opposite spins

Question 24

what is Hund’s rule

Answer 24

within a sublevel place on electron per orbital before pairing them

(use this during box arrow electron configuration)

Question 25

what elements do not have the expected electron structure

Answer 25

Chromium and Copper

Question 26

what is the electron structure of chromium

Answer 26

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s1 3d5

Question 27

what is the electron structure of copper

Answer 27

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s1 3d10

Question 28

how are gallium , kryptons and transition metals ion electron configuration different

Answer 28

they lose the 4s electrons first then the 3d electrons

Question 29

acid + metal

Answer 29

salt + hydrogen

Question 30

acid + metal oxide

Answer 30

salt + water

Question 31

acid + metal hydroxide

Answer 31

salt + water

Question 32

acid + metal carbonate

Answer 32

salt + water + carbon dioxide