Political Developments: 1945 Election Results, Loans, Giants, NHS Flashcards

1
Q

How did the public’s opinion on Churchill change after 1945?

A

They began to dislike him

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2
Q

Why did Labour win the 1945 election?

A

They had a clear progression programme for the country

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3
Q

Why did Labour win in terms of their war efforts?

A

Even though the Conservatives were in office, Labour did a lot of work in WWII as well

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4
Q

What percentage of people in the world were still part of the British Empire?

A

25%

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5
Q

What were other Labour members trying to do Attlee once he became PM?

A

Replace him with someone else

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6
Q

How many houses were destroyed by the end of WWII?

A

250,000

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7
Q

What did William Beveridge want for British Healthcare? How many had never seen a doctor before?

A

Beveridge wanted free healthcare for the country. 8 million had never seen a doctor before

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8
Q

What were the 5 Giants in the Beveridge Report?

A

Idleness, Squalor, Disease, Want, Ignorance

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9
Q

How was the Ignorance Giant dealt with?

A

1944 Butler Education Act

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10
Q

How was the Idleness Giant dealt with?

A

Unemployment kept below 2%

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11
Q

How was the Disease Giant dealt with?

A

Free medical care for all citizens as of 1948

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12
Q

How was the Want Giant dealt with?

A

1948 National Assistance Act gave money to people in financial difficulties

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13
Q

How was the Squalor Giant dealt with? How many houses to be built by 1950?

A

800,000 council houses to be built by 1950

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14
Q

How many houses built by 1951?

A

Over 1 million houses

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15
Q

What did Attlee do with the NHS?

A

He took it on and started working with it

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16
Q

What would be a problem with making the NHS?

A

It would be immensely expensive

17
Q

How much money did Britain owe to other countries after WWII?

A

£3.5 billion

18
Q

How much money did Britain get from the Marshall Plan?

A

$2.7 billion

19
Q

Who did Attlee send to America to get more money from them? How much money did they want?

A

Sent Keynes to negotiate. Britain wanted $8 billion interest free

20
Q

How much money did Keynes eventually get from America? What was the catch?

A

Got 4 billion with interest. UK would need to sell things to America cheaper

21
Q

When did the NHS open? (To the day)

A

July 5th, 1948

21
Q

What percentage of Americans did not want to give Britain the loan?

A

60%

21
Q

What was rationed in the post-war era? Why is this significant?

A

Bread was rationed which had never happened in WWII

21
Q

Why did rationing continue after WWII?

A

Britain exported most of what it made to pay off debts

21
Q

When was the last of the American loan paid off?

A

December 2006