Unit 1: dynamics Flashcards

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1
Q

inertia

A

the property of matter that allows a body (object) to resist changes to its state of motion

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2
Q

types of friction

A

static friction, kinetic friction, air resistance

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3
Q

friction

A

force that opposes the sliding of two surfaces across one another

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4
Q

static friction

A

resists attempted motion between two surfaces in contact

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5
Q

kinetic friction

A

force exerted on a moving object by a surface in contact with the object

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6
Q

air resistance

A

friction between objects & air around them

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7
Q

inertial frames of reference

A

a frame of reference that moves at a zero or constant velocity

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8
Q

non-inertial frames of reference

A

these are accelerating frames

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9
Q

fictious force

A

an apparent but non-existent force invented to explain the motion of objects within an accelerating (non-internal) frame of reference

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10
Q

centripetal acceleration/force

A

the acceleration acts to the centre of the circle, this implies that the net force creating the acceleration must also act to the centre of the circle

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11
Q

centrifugal acceleration/force

A

fictitous force in a roatating frame of reference, aka the non-inertial frame of reference

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12
Q

two benifits of banked curve

A
  1. the bank curve increases the normal force increasing the frictional force allowing cars to drive faster and safly around the curve
  2. FNx helps to push the car around the curve
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13
Q

centrifuge

A

a rapidly roatating device used to seperate substances & simulate the effects of gravity

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14
Q

artifical gravity

A

when the value of gravity has been changed artificially to more closley match Earth’s gravity

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15
Q

coriolis force/effect

A

a fictitous force that acts perpendicular to the velocity of an object in a roatating frame of refernce

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16
Q

effects of long term exposure to low gravity

A
  • muscles lose mass - smaller
  • bones lose calcium - brittle
  • heart & blood vessles swell