1.3 Networks Flashcards

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1
Q

What does the DNS do?

A

Converts domain names into IP addresses for routers

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2
Q

What is layering?

A

Divides the complex task of networking into:
- SMALLER
- SIMPLER
tasks that WORK WELL with each other

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3
Q

(responsibility)

Hardware and software?

A

They have a DEFINED responsibility

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4
Q

What does each layer do?

A

Provide a service to the LAYER ABOVE IT

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5
Q

Advantages of layering:

A
  • Reduces the complexity of the problem into manageable sub-problems
  • Devices can be manufactured to operate at a particular layer
  • Products from different vendors will work together
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6
Q

LAYER 4?

A

Browser using HTTPS

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7
Q

LAYER 3?

A

-TCP
-Error handling

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8
Q

LAYER 2?

A

IP rating

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9
Q

LAYER 1?

A

MAC
Frames (sent over fibre optic)

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10
Q

What are the differences between a LAN and a WAN?

A

LAN:
- Small geographical area
- Hardware is owned by the organisation using it
- LANs are wired with UTP cable, fibre optic or wireless using Wi-Fi

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11
Q

Disadvantages of networking:

A
  • Increased security risks to data
  • Malware and viruses spread very easily between computers
  • Computer may be slower if there is a lot of data travelling on the network
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12
Q

What is bandwidth?

A

The amount of data that can be SENT and RECEIVED successfully in a given time

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13
Q

Do wired or wireless connections have a higher bandwidth?

A

Wired

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14
Q

Do fibre optic or copper cables have a higher bandwidth?

A

Fibre optic

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15
Q

What does latency mean?

A

The delay from transmitting data to receiving it

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16
Q

What causes latency?

A

Bottlenecks
(E.g. not using switches to appropriately segment traffic on a network)

Hardware such as switches and transmision media may not operate at the same speed

17
Q

What are some differences between a client-server model and a peer-to-peer model?

A

Client-server model:
- A client makes requests to the server for data and connections
- Controls access + security to one shared file store
- A server manages access to the Internet
- A server runs a backup of data

Peer-to-peer model:
- A peer is a computer on a network. It is equal to all other peers
- Each peer is responsible for its own security and backup

18
Q

Advantages of the client-server model

A
  • Easier to manage secuirty files
  • Easy to take backups of all shared data
  • Easy to install software updates to all computers
19
Q

Disadvantages of the client-server model

A
  • Can be expensive to set up and maintain
  • Requires an IT specialist to maintain
  • Server - single point of failure
  • User will lose access if the server fails