Unit 2: Political Beliefs and Behaviors Flashcards

1
Q

Political Culture

A

the collective attitudes, values, and beliefs of the citizenry and the norms of behavior in the political system.

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2
Q

Political Socialization

A

the process by which personal and background traits influence one’s views about politics and government.

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3
Q

Political Polarization

A

the divergence of political attitudes away from the center, towards ideological extremes.

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4
Q

Liberal

A

democrats
- support gov. regulation of market
- higher taxes
- more government action

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5
Q

Conservative

A

republicans
- support less gov. regulation of market
- lower taxes
- more self reliance and individualism

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6
Q

Public Opinion

A

a scientific measure of how people feel about the government and the decisions they make at any given time.

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7
Q

Public Opinion Poll

A

interviews or surveys with samples of citizens that are used to estimate the feelings & beliefs of the entire population.

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8
Q

Sampling Error

A

room for error within data

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9
Q

Political (cross-cutting) Cleavages

A

divisions within society that cut across demographic categories to produce groups that are more different. created by contradictory demographics. some have more influence.

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10
Q

Exit Poll

A

random polling as voters exit the polls on voting day.

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11
Q

Linkage Institutions

A

channels that allow individuals to communicate their preferences to policy makers.
- political parties
- interest groups
- elections
- PACs
- media

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12
Q

Political Party

A

made up of individuals who organize to win elections, operate government, and influence public policy.

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13
Q

Party Realignment/Critical Election

A

occurs when the minor party becomes stronger then the majority party

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14
Q

Party Platform

A

formal set of principle goals which are supported by a political party or individual candidate, in order to appeal to the general public.

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15
Q

Party Dealignment

A

occurs when no single party is dominant (controls congress and sc) or when voters declare themselves as independents.

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16
Q

Political Efficacy

A

feeling that political and social change is possible and that the individual citizen can play a part in bringing about this change.

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17
Q

Primary

A
  • an election to choose delegates who later choose the candidate
  • open (anyone can vote) vs closed (must register with party - only party members can vote)
18
Q

Caucus

A
  • private meeting of party leaders to select delegates backing one or another candidates. - - way to nominate candidates
  • political efficacy needs to be high to be effective
  • delegates: local party leaders chosen during primaries/caucuses
19
Q

Interest Group

A

a group of people that seeks to influence public policy on the basis of a particular common interest or concern.

20
Q

Mass Media

A

-national press (NBC, CBS, ABC, New York Times, etc).
- cable news
- social media

21
Q

Equal Time Rule

A

american radio and television broadcast stations must provide equivalent access to competing political candidates.

22
Q

Split Ticket Voting

A

voting for candidates of different parties or various offices in the same election.

23
Q

Voting Rights Act of 1965

A

removed/banned racial discrimination and barriers to voting. gave government the ability to manage state elections if the state had a history of racist practices.

24
Q

Motor Voter Act of 1993

A

allows citizens to register to vote when getting/renewing driver’s license at the dmv. did not significantly increase voter turnout. unfunded mandate.

25
Q

Liberatarian

A
  • want little or no government
  • demand policies
  • smaller government and fewer taxes
26
Q

Communitarian

A
  • no government
27
Q

Progressive

A

a person advocating or implementing social reform or new, liberal ideas.

28
Q

Populist

A

a person, especially a politician, who strives to appeal to ordinary people who feel that their concerns are disregarded by established elite groups.

29
Q

Social Demographics

A

characteristics of a population

30
Q

Marketplace Regulation Policies

A

the rules and regulations of the national securities exchange on which any class of Common Stock are listed or admitted to trading.

31
Q

Federal Reserve

A

the central bank of the United States

32
Q

Globalization

A

businesses or other organizations developing international influence or start operating on an international scale.

33
Q

Equality of Opportunity

A

equality of opportunity but not result
- equal chance at getting ahead
- inequality in earnings

34
Q

Retrospective Voting

A

votes based on past performance (often based on economy)

35
Q

Party-Line Voting

A

Voting for your party

36
Q

Rational Choice

A

based on voters’ evaluations of the performance or capabilities of the candidate.

37
Q

Prospective Voting

A

look forward to oncer candidate is in office (often with open seat)

38
Q

15th amendment

A

gave african american men the right to vote.

39
Q

17th amendment

A

allowed for the direct election of us senates.

40
Q

19th amendment

A

gave women the right to vote.

41
Q

24th amendment

A

eliminated poll tax.

42
Q

26th amendment

A

allowed 18 and up to vote.