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Physics > P2 > Flashcards

P2 Flashcards

1
Q

How to measure time

A

Stopwatch

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2
Q

How to measure time (other method)

A

Light-gate with data logger

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3
Q

How to measure short distances

A

Ruler

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4
Q

How to measure long distances

A

Tape measure or trundle wheel

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5
Q

What is the unit of speed

A

m/s

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6
Q

Gradient is the (in a distance-time graph)

A

Speed

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7
Q

The DST equation

A

Distance=speedxtime

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8
Q

Vector is

A

Magnitude and direction

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9
Q

Scalar is

A

Only Magnitude

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10
Q

How to find distance on a velocity time graph

A

It’s the area under the graph

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11
Q

Velocity time gradient represents

A

Acceleration

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12
Q

To find acceleration

A

Change of Velocity or speed/change of time

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13
Q

A and B head towards eachother, what velocity does the A see B heading towards it at?

A

It is the velocity of both A and B (A+B)

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14
Q

A negative velocity means the direction changed

A

So if a ball was bouncing the up would be positive and the down would be negative depending on what it’s original directions was

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15
Q

Electrostatics force is

A

Repulsion/attraction due to charge

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16
Q

Gravity

A

All masses attract other

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17
Q

Magnetism

A

Repulsion or attraction

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18
Q

Normal contact force

A

Repulsive force when two objects touch eachother

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19
Q

Friction

A

When two surfaces move past eachother

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20
Q

Forces can be represented by

A

Vectors (arrows)

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21
Q

What is equilibrium

A

When the resultant force is 0

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22
Q

F=Ma

A

Force= Mass x Acceleration

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23
Q

Inertia is

A

Resistance of a object to any change in its velocity(speed or direction too)

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24
Q

Newton’s first law is

A

If the forces are balanced on a object, the resultant force is 0 and the object carries on what it is doing (stationary, then stays stationary)

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25
Q

Newton’s second law is

A

If the forces acting on a object are Unbalanced, then the resultant force will not be zero (so it will change direction/decelerate/accelerate)

26
Q

Newton’s third law

A

For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction. Equilibrium means resultant is zero.

27
Q

Acceleration unit

A

m/s^2

28
Q

Concept of opposite and equal forces

A

Pairs of forces act on different objects and are the same size and type. For example, with normal contact force, you push down on the earth and the earth pushes back on you.

29
Q

Momentum unit

A

kg m/s

30
Q

Momentum equation

A

Mass x velocity

31
Q

Momentum is conserved in…

A

Elastic collisions and explosions ( you can read it as collisions alone but just remember to write elastic next to it)
(Theory is used for calculations in collisions of objects A and B to work out other factors

32
Q

Work is done when

A

A force moves a object and energy is transferred

33
Q

Work done unit

A

J

34
Q

Work done equation is

A

Work done=Force x distance

35
Q

Power equation

A

Power = work done/time

36
Q

Springs store…

A

Elastic potential energy

37
Q

Force exerted by a spring equation is

A

Spring constant x extension

38
Q

Spring constant unit is

A

N/m

39
Q

Extension unit is

A

m

40
Q

Energy transferred in stretching a spring equation is

A

0.5 x spring constant (N/m) x extension^2

41
Q

Hooke’s Law

A

The extension of an elastic object is directly proportional to the force applied (if the limit of proportionality is not exceed)

42
Q

What is the gradient in a force- extension graph

A

Spring constant

43
Q

When the limit of proportionality is exceeded the spring is…

A

Permanently stretched

44
Q

Weight equation is

A

Mass x gravity

45
Q

Gravity is measured in

A

N/kg

46
Q

Gravity of acceleration is

A

Is acceleration in free fall/ when a object falls due to gravity

47
Q

gravity FORCE (N) equation is

A

Mass(kg) x gravitational field strength (N/kg)

48
Q

Potential gravitational energy equation is

A

Mass x gravitational field strength x height

49
Q

Kinetic energy equation is

A

0.5 x mass x velocity^2

50
Q

The turning effect of a force is called the

A

Moment

51
Q

To increase a moment you

A

Increase the distance from pivot. Increase the force applied

52
Q

Moment of a force equation is

A

Force x distance

53
Q

Moment unit is

A

Nm

54
Q

When a object is not turning, it means

A

Total anti-clockwise moment is equal to the clockwise moment

55
Q

When a object (ie seesaw) is balanced it means

A

Total anti-clockwise moment is equal to the clockwise moment

56
Q

If gear X rotates clockwise, what would gear Y next to it rotate as?

A

Anticlockwise

57
Q

If gear x is rotated at 1 rotation per second, and has 20 teeth. What would gear y next to it with 2 teeth rotating as?

A

The ratio is 10:1 of x to y, that means y will rotate 10 times as much as x

58
Q

Pressure in hydraulic systems equation is

A

Pressure= force normal to a surface/ area of that surface

59
Q

Area of that surface unit is

A

m^2

60
Q

What does 1 Pa equal to

A

1 N/m^2

61
Q

What is the pressure in the hydraulic system

A

Same on both sides

Physics (5 decks)

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