1. CATTLE: Bovine parainfluenza-3 (PIV-3)

Question 1

disease

Answer 1

-contagious disease of cattle

-Bovine Parainfluenza
-Bovine Parainfluenzavirus-3

> Paramyxoviridae
Respirovirus

-FIN: parainfluenssa-3-virus infektio

Question 2

caused by

Answer 2

Parainfluenza-3

Question 3

characterized by

Answer 3

fever, catarrhal infection of upper respiratory tract and pneumonia

Question 4

agent

Answer 4

-Bovine parainfluenzavirus-3 (PIV-3)

> genus: Respirovirus
family: Paramyxoviridae

> RNA virus

> closely related to PIV-3 viruses of sheep and humans

Question 5

Microscopic examination of

Answer 5

-PIV3 isolated from buffaloes.

> A: Positive MDBK cells by IF, as observed by epifluorescence in an Olympus BX 40 + H hal microscope (400X magnification).

> B: Electron micrograph of two purified virions of the 7 N isolate, morphologically indistinguishable from paramixoviruses.

Question 6

HR

Answer 6

-cattle

Question 7

in humans

Answer 7

isolation without clinical disease

Question 8

more severe illness is seen

Answer 8

-young animal from 10 days of age to 1 year

> especially during fall and winter

Question 9

rapid spread within

Answer 9

-susceptible animals

> stress and environmental factors

Question 10

endemic and

Answer 10

sporadic disease

Question 11

isolated in

Answer 11

-many European countries
-USA
-Japan
-other

Question 12

mortality

Answer 12

2-25%

Question 13

transmission: excretion

Answer 13

-respiratory secretions

-milk

-vaginal discharge

-feces

Question 14

transmission: mode of transmission

Answer 14

-direct contact = droplets

-in utero? - virus has been isolated from aborted fetuses

Question 15

transmission: route

Answer 15

respiratory

Question 16

IP

Answer 16

1-5 days (mostly just 24h)

Question 17

clinical signs are similar to

Answer 17

BRSV

Question 18

CS

Answer 18

-pyrexia

-cough

-serous nasal and lacrimal discharge

-increased respiratory rate and breath sounds

Question 19

severity of signs worsens with the

Answer 19

onset of bacterial pneumonia

Question 20

what disease

Answer 20

PIV-3

Question 21

PM

Answer 21

-cranioventral lung consodilation

-bronchiolitis

-alveolitis with marked congestion and hemorrhage

Question 22

DDx

Answer 22

-BRSV
-BHV-1
-BVDV
-Adenovirus
-Mycoplasma

Question 23

diagnosis: material

Answer 23

-nasal and ocular swabs

-blood

-TBL (TracheoBronchial Lavage)

-lungs

Question 24

diagnosis: in the lab

Answer 24

-serology (ELISA)-antibodies from serum

-PCR

Question 25

Tx

Answer 25

-no specific Tx

> ABs if secondary bacterial infections

> NSAIDs can be helpful

Question 26

vaccine

Answer 26

-vaccines available

> almost always in combination with BHV-1
BHV-2 – herpesvirus, infectious bovine rhinoracheitis