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Decks in this class (62)
Ch 1: Chem stuff
Trace elements,
Atom,
3 subatomic particles
7
cards
Ch 2: Water and Life
Define a polar molecule,
Why is water considered polar,
What is hydrogen bonding
38
cards
Concept 3.1: Carbon atoms can form diverse molecules by bonding to four other atoms
How many valence electrons does c...,
How many bonds can carbon form,
What type of bonds does it form w...
21
cards
3.2: Macromolecules are polymers, built from monomers
Polymer,
Monomers,
Starch
7
cards
3.3: Carbohydrates Serve as fuel and building material
Let s look at carbohydrates which...,
Notice that all sugars have the s...,
Explain the carbon numbering system
16
cards
3.4: Lipids are a diverse group of a hydrophobic molecule
Lipids include fats waxes oils ph...,
What are the building blocks of fats,
If fat is composed of three fatty...
19
cards
3.5: Proteins include a diversity of structures, resulting in a wide range of functions
What is the structure of an amino...,
What is represented by r how many...,
Why are some r groups hydrophobic...
18
cards
3.6: Nucleic Acids
Genes,
Nucleotides,
Dna
11
cards
Ch 4: Organelles
Cytoplasm,
Nucleoid,
Cell wall
19
cards
5.1: Cellular membranes are fluid mosaics of lipids and proteins
Amphipathic,
Cell membrane and its compostition,
Phospholipids
17
cards
5.2: Membrane structure results in selectrive permeability
Transport proteins,
Channel protein,
Aquaporins
4
cards
5.3: Passive transport is diffusion of a substance across a membrane with no energy investment
Diffusion,
How temp impacts diffusion,
Concentration gradient
29
cards
5.4: Active transport uses energy to move solutes against their gradient
Active transport,
What causes carrier protein to ch...,
Sodium potassium pump
11
cards
5.5: Bulk transport across the plasma membrane occurse by exocytosis and endocytosis
How are large large amounts of mo...,
Exocytosis,
Endocytosis
7
cards
5.6: The plasma membrane plays a key role in most cell signaling
Local regulators,
Where do signaling molecules typi...,
Types of local signaling include
52
cards
6.1: An organism's metabolism transforms matter and energy
Metabolism,
Metabolic pathway,
What carries the molecule onto th...
26
cards
6.2: The free-energy change of a reaction tells us whether or not the reaction occurs spontaneously
Free energy g,
G,
How does the amount of free energ...
7
cards
6.3: ATP powers cellular work by coupling exergonic reactions to endergonic reactions
3 types of jobs of a cell,
Energy coupling,
What mediates energy coupling
10
cards
6.4: Enzymes speed up metabolic reactions by lowering energy barriers
Why may a spontaneous reaction ne...,
Enzyme,
Catalyst
25
cards
6.5: Regulation of enzyme activity helps control metabolism
Allosteric regulation,
Allosteric site,
How often do enzymes change shape
7
cards
7.5: Fermentation and anaerobic respiration enable cells to produce ATP without the use of oxygen
What happens if there is no oxyge...,
Anaerobic respiration,
Fermentation
12
cards
7.6: Glycolysis and the citric acid cycle connect to many other metabolic pathways
Where are all the electrons comin...,
How is protein broken down fats w...,
Beta oxidation
4
cards
8.1: Photosynthesis converts light energy to the chemical energy of food
Chloroplast,
Mesophyll,
Stomata
14
cards
8.2: The light reactions convert solar energy to the chemical energy of ATP and NADPH
Where do the light reactions occur,
Wavelength,
Electromagnetic spectrum
27
cards
8.3: The Calvin cycle used the chemical energy of ATP and NADPH to reduce CO2 to sugar
What is the main problem for plan...,
C3 plants,
Photorespiration
9
cards
8.4: Life depends on photosynthesis
Why is photosynthesis important 3
1
cards
9.1: Most cell division results in genetically identical daughter cells
Cell division,
Cell cycle,
How is dna distributed in cell di...
15
cards
9.2: The mitotic phase alternates with interphase in the cell cycle
What are the proportions of the c...,
What are the phases of the cell c...,
Interphase
29
cards
9.3: The eukaryotic cell cycle is regulated by a molecular control system
Why does the frequency of cell di...,
What is the cell cycle driven by,
Where is evidence of cytoplasmic ...
31
cards
10.1: Offspring acquire genes from parents by inheriting chromosomes
Genes,
Gametes,
What is the general scope of dna
7
cards
10.2: Fertilization and meiosis alternate in sexual life cycles
Life cycle,
How many chromosomes in a human p...,
Karyotype
18
cards
10.3: Meiosis reduces the number of chromosomes sets from diploid to haploid
What needs to happen before meiosis,
What comes after the duplication,
What does meiosis result in
15
cards
10.4: Genetic variation produced in sexual life cycles contributes to the evolution
How can variation be produced 3,
Independent assortment of chromos...,
Recombinant chromosomes
6
cards
11.1: Mendel used the scientific approach to identify two laws of inheritance
Character,
Trait,
True breeding
27
cards
11.2: Probability laws govern Mendelian inheritance
Basic ap bio probability
1
cards
11.3: Inheritance patterns are often more complex than predicted by simple Mendelian genetics
Complete dominance,
Incomplete dominance,
Codominance
12
cards
11.4: Many human traits follow Mendelian patterns of inheritance
Pedigree,
Carriers,
Cystic fibrosis
11
cards
12.1: Morgan showed that Mendelian inheritance has its physical basis in the behavior of chromosomes: Scientific inquiry
What did morgan find out,
Drosophila melanogaster,
Wild type
6
cards
12.2: Sex-linked genes exhibit unique patterns of inheritance
What is sex determined by,
How are sperms and ovaries split,
Sry
12
cards
12.3: Linked genes tend to be inherited together because they are relocated near each other on the same chromosome
What was found by morgan s new ex...,
Genetic recombination,
Parental type
8
cards
12.4: Alternations of chromosome number or structure cause some genetic disorders
Nondisjunction,
Aneuploidy,
Monosomic
16
cards
13.1: Expression
Components of chromosomes,
What was initial thought about ge...,
Fredrick griffith
16
cards
13.2: Many proteins work together in DNA replication and repair
Compare pro and eukaryotes,
Significance of new strands,
Semiconservative model
29
cards
13.3: A chromosome consists of a DNA molecule packed together with proteins
4 levels of packing,
What kind of chromosomes are not ...,
During interphase _________________
4
cards
13.4: Expression
Essential knowledge,
Recombinant dna,
Genetic engineering
20
cards
14.1: Genes specify proteins via transcription and translation
Gene expression,
3 types of rna to know,
Archibald garrod
21
cards
14.2: Transcription is the DNA directed synthesis of RNA: A Closer Look
Overall purpose,
2 major concepts of transcription,
Rna polymerase
15
cards
14.3: Eukaryotic cells modify RNA after transcription
Rna processing,
5 cap,
Poly a tail
11
cards
14.4: Translation is the RNA-directed synthesis of a polypeptide: A Closer Look
Transfer rna trna,
How is the 3d shape of trna made,
What does the protruding 3 end of...
20
cards
14.5: Mutations of one or a few nucleotides can affect protein structure and function
Mutations,
Point mutations,
Base pair substitutions3 types
5
cards
Ch 15: Regulation of Gene Expression
2 levels of a metabolic pathway c...,
Operon model,
Nucleoid
61
cards
Ch 17: Expression
Structure of viruses,
Capsid,
Envelope
19
cards
ch 19: Natural Selection
Scala naturae,
Old testament,
Carolus linnaeus
37
cards
ch 20: Natural Selection
Linnaeus,
Classification,
Taxonomy
40
cards
ch 21: Natural Selection
Microevolution,
Sources of new alleles allows evo...,
Population genetics
31
cards
ch 22: Natural Selection
Speciation,
Theory must explain how,
Microevolution
23
cards
ch 23: Natural Selection
The current theory about how life...,
Earth formed since,
What happened after rocks bombarded
32
cards
Ch 39: Ecology
Behavior 2 things,
Two fundamental levels of behavior,
Proximate
44
cards
Ch 40: Ecology
Ecology,
Biotic factors,
Abiotic factors
51
cards
Ch 41: Ecology
Community,
General things about interspecific,
Interspecific competition
43
cards
Ch 42: Ecology
Ecosystems,
Ecosystem ecology requires two pr...,
Primary producers
35
cards
Pig
Structure,
Function,
Both
41
cards
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