Yarn Models of Cell Division

Question 1

◉ basic unit of heredity
◉ segments of DNA that determine our traits

Answer 1

GENE

Question 2

◉ the molecule that carries genetic information for the development and functioning of an organism

Answer 2

DNA

Question 3

◉ threadlike structures made of protein and a single molecule of DNA that serve to carry the genomic information from cell to cell

Answer 3

Chromosome

Question 4

Tip of the chromosome

Answer 4

Telomere

Question 5

Centromere location: Middle

Answer 5

Metacentric

Question 6

Centromere location: Between middle and end

Answer 6

Submetacentric

Question 7

Centromere location: Close to end

Answer 7

Acrocentric

Question 8

Centromere location: At end

Answer 8

Telocentric

Question 9

composed of DNA and histones that are packaged into thin, stringy fibers

Answer 9

Chromatin

Question 10

either of the two strands of a replicated chromosome

Answer 10

Chromatid

Question 11

thread-like structure made up of DNA

Answer 11

Chromosome

Question 12

• cell grows and makes a copy of its DNA (G1, S, G2)

Answer 12

Interphase

Question 13

○ First gap period
○ Longest phase in the cell cycle
○ Growth and metabolism

Answer 13

G1 Phase

Question 14

○ DNA replication or synthesis
○ formation of identical pairs of DNA
molecules

Answer 14

S Phase

Question 15

○ Second gap period
○ Synthesis of RNA and proteins
○ Shorter than G1 and S phases

Answer 15

G2 Phase

Question 16

–physically separates the two daughter cells from each other

Answer 16

Cytokinesis

Question 17

◉ means “diminution”

Answer 17

Meiosis

Question 18

The # of chromosomes = # of functional centromere

The # of DNA molecule = # of chromatids

Question 19

branch of biology that deals with the study of heredity and variation

Answer 19

Genetics

Question 20

defined as the transmission of traits from generation to generation, while variation is concerned with genetic differences between organisms.

Answer 20

Heredity

Question 21

is the process of how all the organisms’ cells grow and reproduce.

Answer 21

Cell division

Question 22

The cell cycle is composed of two periods:

Answer 22

interphase (non-dividing phase)
M-phase (division/dividing phase)

Question 23

two types of cell division:

Answer 23

mitosis and meiosis

Question 24

What type of cells undergo meiosis

Answer 24

Germ cells

Question 25

meiosis I (____________) and meiosis II (_____________).

Answer 25

reductional division
equational division

Question 26

What are the objectives for Lab Act 2

Answer 26

1. Illustrate the chromosomal behavior which occur in somatic and sex cells during mitosis and meiosis;
2. Identify the specific events in mitosis and meiosis that allow the inheritance of traits and generation of genetic variation

Question 27

Stages under Interphase

Answer 27

G1 (gap 1)
S phase (synthesis phase)
G2 (gap 2)

Question 28

In terms of the chromosome composition in mitosis, are the two daughter cells identical?

Answer 28

Each daughter cell receives an identical set of chromosomes,

Question 29

What is the significance of crossing over?

Answer 29

Ensure genetic variation and diversity

strengthens a species’ ability to respond to changing environments through evolution.

Question 30

Why are the four daughter cells formed during meiosis unidentical?

Answer 30

crossing over = each homologous chromosome from the maternal and paternal side exchange parts with each other