XII: Chapter 11- Biotechnology: principles and processes Flashcards
Name the two core techniques that enabled birth of biotechnology.
Genetic engineering and bioprocess engineering
The construction of the first recombinant DNA emerged from the possibility of linking a gene encoding antibiotic resistance with a native plasmid of
Salmonella typhimurium
Which scientists first accomplished the construction of artificial recombinant DNA molecule and when?
Stanley Cohen and Herbert Boyer in 1972
When were the two enzymes responsible for restricting the growth of bacteriophage in Escherichia coli isolated?
1963
What did the two enzymes responsible for restricting the growth of bacteriophage in Escherichia coli isolated do?
One of them added methyl groups to the DNA and the other cut DNA.
Which was the first restriction endonuclease to be isolated/
Hind II
How many restriction nucleases have been identified and from how many strains of bacteria?
900 restriction nucleases from 230 strains of bacteria
Which sequence is responsible for controlling the copy number of the linked DNA?
Origin of replication
How many recognition sites should a (recombinant technology) vector preferably have?
1
In heat shock method of making host competent in genetic engineering, at which temperature are the host cells placed with rDNA after keeping them on ice?
42 celsius
What are primers used in PCR technology?
Small chemically synthesised oligonucleotides that are complementary to the regions of DNA.
In how many cycles of PCR can DNA be amplified a billion times?
30 cycles
What quantities of culture can a bioreactor hold?
100 to 1000L
Detergents are added during purification of DNA to
Break plasma membrane
Which compound is required for the functioning of restriction endonuclease II?
Mg2+
