Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

► Biology (NEET) > XI: Chapter 9- Biomolecules > Flashcards

XI: Chapter 9- Biomolecules Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Which is the most abundant organic molecule present in the protoplasm?

A

Protein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Name the three most abundant inorganic ions present in cell?

A

K>Na>Ca

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Name the three most abundant inorganic ions in intracellular matrix.

A

K>P>Mg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Name the three most abundant inorganic ions in extracellular matrix.

A

Na>Cl>Ca

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Which is the most abundant element in chloroplast?

A

Oxygen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Which metabolites are present in acid soluble pool?

A

Micromolecules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Which metabolites are present in acid insoluble pool?

A

Macromolecules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the weight of micromolecules?

A

Between 18 to 800 Daltons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the weight of macromolecules?

A

1000 Dalton

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Are lipids found in acid soluble or insoluble pool?

A

Acid insoluble pool

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What type of secondary metabolite is curcumin and vinblastin?

A

Drugs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What type of secondary metabolite is concanavalin A?

A

Pigment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What type of secondary metabolite is codein?

A

Alkaloid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What type of secondary metabolite is morphine?

A

Alkaloid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What type of secondary metabolite is abrin?

A

Toxin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Which is the simplest amino acid?

A

Glycine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Is alanine a neutral/basic/acid amino acid?

A

Neutral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Is valine a neutral/basic/acid amino acid?

A

Neutral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Is lysine a neutral/basic/acid amino acid?

A

Basic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Is arginine a neutral/basic/acid amino acid?

A

Basic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Is histadine a neutral/basic/acid amino acid?

A

Basic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

How many essential amino acids are present?

A

9

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What type of protein is caesin?

A

Phosphoprotein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Where is α-helix protein found?

A

Keratin of mammals, collagen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Where is β-helix protein found?

A

Keratin of reptiles and aves, silk fibre

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Myoglobin protein has which type of structure (primary, secondary, tertiary or quaternary)?

A

Tertiary level

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Who gave the term lipid?

A

Bloor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What type of fatty acid is palmitic acid?

A

Saturated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What is MUFA?

A

Monounsaturated fatty acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

What type of fatty acid is oleic acid?

A

MUFA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

What is PUFA?

A

Polyunsaturated fatty acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

How many carbon atoms are present in stearic acid?

A

18

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

How many carbon atoms are present in palmitic acid?

A

16

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

In what state are saturated lipids present at 25 C?

A

Solid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

In what state are unsaturated lipids present at 25 C?

A

Liquid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

How are waxes and true lipids different?

A

True lipids - esters of fatty acids with glycerol

Waxes- esters of fatty acids with (monohydroxy) alcohols other than glycerol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

What are the components of lecithin?

A

One fatty acid of triglyceride is replaced by phosphocholine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

What are steroids?

A

Steroids have lipid like properties but they do not fatty acids and ester bonds.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

What is the parental structure of steroids?

A

Phenanthrene ring

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Prostaglandins are derivatives of

A

Arachidonic acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

What act as carriers for fat soluble vitamins?

A

Lipids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

Which metabolite form soft cushion around vital organs?

A

Lipids

43
Q

Give example of a heteropolysaccharide?

A

Mucilage

44
Q

WHat is the maximum number of carbons a monosaccharide can have?

A

7

45
Q

In which optical form are all metabolically active sugar present?

A

D-form

46
Q

What is used to detect glucose in urine?

A

Fehling’s test

47
Q

What are the monomers of raffinose?

A

Galactose+ glucose+ fructose

48
Q

What are the monomers of stachyose?

A

2 galactose+ 1 glucose+ 1 fructose

49
Q

What is the sweetest organic compound?

A

Lugduname

50
Q

What is the sweetest natural organic compound?

A

Thaumatin protein

51
Q

How many minimum monosaccharides combine to form a polysaccharide?

A

10

52
Q

Which compound is used to measure glomerular filteration rate?

A

Inulin

53
Q

Cellulose is a polymer of

A

β-glucose

54
Q

Which bond is present in cellulose?

A

β- 1,4 glycosidic bond

55
Q

What is known as gun-cotton?

A

Nitrocellulose

56
Q

What are the monomeric units of chitin?

A

N-acetylglucosamine (NAG)

57
Q

What is the difference between Ribose and deoxyribose?

A

Ribose- OH group present at C2

Deoxyribose- OH group absent at C2

58
Q

Name the purines found in DNA and RNA.

A

Adenine and guanine

59
Q

Name the pyramidines found in DNA and RNA

A

Uracil, thymine, cytosine

60
Q

Which carbon of pentose sugar forms bond with phosphate group in nucleic acids?

A

C5

61
Q

Which carbon of pentose sugar forms bond with nitrogenous base in nucleic acids?

A

C1

62
Q

How much energy is released by breaking of one phosphate bond of ATP?

A

7.3 kcal

63
Q

Which two carbons of adjacent nucleotides form bond in nucleic acids?

A

C3 of one nucleotide and C5 of next nucleotide

64
Q

At which end is phosphorous present in a nucleic acid?

A

5’ end

65
Q

At which end in alcohol present in a nucleic acid?

A

3’ end

66
Q

What is the length of one complete turn of DNA?

A

34 Å

67
Q

What is the diametre of DNA?

A

20 Å

68
Q

At which groove do the histones joine DNA?

A

Major groove

69
Q

Which was the first discovered enzyme complex?

A

Zymase

70
Q

Which was the first discovered enzyme?

A

Diastase

71
Q

What is meant by turnover number of an enzyme?

A

Maximum number of conversions that can be brought about in a second by an enzyme.

72
Q

Which is the slowest enzyme?

A

Lysozyme

73
Q

What is the protein part of a conjugated enzyme called?

A

Apoenzyme

74
Q

What is the non protein part of a conjugated enyme called?

A

Co-factor

75
Q

What is a prosthetic group of an enzyme?

A

Tightly bound organic cofactor

76
Q

What is a coenzyme?

A

Loosely bound organic cofactor

77
Q

What is the buttressing site of an enzyme according to induced fit theory?

A

The site of attachment of substrate

78
Q

What is the function of the catalytic site of an enzyme according to induced fit theory?

A

It breaks down old bonds and helps in formation of new bond

79
Q

What is Michaelis constant?

A

THe amount of substrate which brings rate of reaction to half it’s maximum value

80
Q

What happens to Vmax in case of competitive inhibition?

A

It remains the same.

81
Q

What happens on increasing the concentration of substrate in competitive inhibition?

A

Product is formed. (Inhibition is reversible)

82
Q

What happens to the Km value in competitive inhibition?

A

Km value increases.

83
Q

Is non-competitive inhibition reversible?

A

No

84
Q

What happens to the Vmax value of non competitive inhibition?

A

Vmax value decreases.

85
Q

What happens to the Km value of enzyme in non competitive inhibition?

A

It remains the same.

86
Q

Inhibition of succinate by fumerate is an example of which type of inhibtion?

A

Competitive inhibition

87
Q

Effect of cyanide poisoning on cytochrome oxidaze enzyme is an example of which inhibition?

A

Non-competitive inhibition

88
Q

What is a substance that binds to the enzyme and induces the enzyme’s inactive form called?

A

Allosteric inhibitor

89
Q

What is a substance that inhibits the action of an enzyme by binding to the enzyme at a location other than the active site called?

A

Non competitive inhibitor

90
Q

Which liquid should a plant/animal tissue be grinded in to chemically analyse it?

A

Trichloroacetic acid

91
Q

What does the ash after burning a tissue contain?

A

Inorganic compounds

92
Q

In which amino acid the variable group is hydroxymethyl?

A

Serine

93
Q

How many carbons does arachidonic acid have?

A

20

94
Q

What are monoterpenes and diterpenes?

A

Terpenoides

95
Q

Which end in a polysaccharide chain is called reducing end?

A

Right end

96
Q

Which end in a polysaccharide chain is called non reducing end?

A

Left end

97
Q

What does the left end of an amino acid represent?

A

First amino acid

98
Q

Which is the Nterminal of amino acid?

A

First amino acid

99
Q

Which is the C terminal of amino acid?

A

Last amino acid

100
Q

What is the normal concentration of glucose in blood in mMol?

A

4.5 -5.0 mMol

101
Q

What is the prosthetic group in enzyme peroxidase and catalase?

A

Haem

102
Q

Which vitamin forms NAD and NADP?

A

Niacin

103
Q

Which metal ion is required as a cofactor for proteolytic enzyme carboxypeptidase?

A

Zn

► Biology (NEET) (39 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions