WWII: Chpt. 19

Question 1

identify the leader who rose in germany and his goal

Answer 1

Adolf Hitler: Nazi party

Goal: Create “master race” by creating genocide

Question 2

leader of Italy and their goals

Answer 2

Benito Mussolini: Dictator, Fascist Party: Goal: Create fascist/agressive nationalistic gov; believed nation is more important than individual

Question 3

leader of Soviet Union and their goals

Answer 3

Joseph Stalin;COmmunist Party. Goal INdustrialize country in 1927

Question 4

Define appeasement

Answer 4

accepting demands in order to avoid conflict

Question 5

what were the terms of the Munich PAct and when did Britian and France relaize appeasement failed?

Answer 5

Terms: Czechoslovakia should be given up to satisfy Hitler. European leaders believed they could appease if avoided another brutal conflict, Germ. speaking regions in Europe unified, assumed Nazis were interested in peace after acquiring territory. Britain and France realize appeasement failed when German troops broke up Czechoslovakia and Germans invaded Poland.

Question 6

What were the Nuremberg Laws. Give examples

Answer 6

Took citizenship away from Jewish Germans and banned marriage between Jews and Germans
Ex:- German jews deprived of rights of Germany
- led to Jews prohibited from voting
- 1/2+ of jews jobless by 1936
- banned Jews from practicing law and med.

Question 7

What was the final solution

Answer 7

Plan to kill Jews since other methods proved to be inefficient. Rounded up Jews and other “undesirables” from Nazi-controlled Europe to concentration and extermination camps

Question 8

Describe the Holocaust

Answer 8

Mass genocide of Jews committed by Hitler and Nazi’s. Jews were persecuted for being Jewish and forced to concentration and extermination camps. 6 mill. Jews killed. Also persecuted homosexuals, gypsies, and Slavic peoples.

Question 9

Define Fascism

Answer 9

Agressive form of nationalism. Political system headed by a dictator that calls for extreme nationalism and racism and no tolerance for oposition Fascist believed nation was more important than the individual

Question 10

define blitzkrieg

Answer 10

“lightning war”, sudden violent offensive attacts used by the Germans

Question 11

define Allied Powers

Answer 11

US, Great Britian, France

Question 12

define Axis powers

Answer 12

Germany, Italy, Japan

Question 13

Define nationalism. What was the US POSITION AT THE OUTBREAK OF WWII

Answer 13

Isolationism: National policy of avoiding and involvement in world affairs
U.S. Position: neutrality. The refusal of European countries to repay war debts owed to the United States, and the Nye Committee findings that arms factories made huge profits caused Americans to support isolationism.

Question 14

Identify the act that made it illegal for Americans to sell arms to any country at war.

Answer 14

Neutrality Act of 1935 making it illegal for Americans to sell arms to any country at war.
-Congress passed the Neutrality Act of 1937, which continued the ban of selling arms to countries at war and required warring countries to buy nonmilitary supplies from the United States on a “cash and carry” basis

Question 15

Describe the Battle of Britian and its outcome

Answer 15

In the Battle of Britain, the German air force, the Luftwaffe, launched an all-out air battle to destroy the British Royal Air Force. 
British Royal Airforce was outnumbered but was victorious due to their radar stations and bravery.

Question 16

Explain the ways the US found aid to Allies prior to their entry to WWII

Answer 16

Destroyers for bases
lend of lease act
Hemispheric Defense zone

Question 17

Destroyers for Bases

Answer 17

President Roosevelt used a loophole in the Neutrality Act of 1939 and sent 50 old American destroyers to Britain in exchange for the right to build American bases on British-controlled Newfoundland, Bermuda, and Caribbean islands.

Question 18

Lend Lease Act

Answer 18

stated that the United States could lend or lease arms to any country considered “vital to the defense of the United States” ; Congress passed the act.

Question 19

Hemispheric Defense Zone

Answer 19

declared the entire western half of the Atlantic as part of the Western Hemisphere and therefore neutral.
-This allowed Roosevelt to order the U.S. Navy to patrol the western Atlantic Ocean and reveal the location of German submarines to the British.

Question 20

What event finally brought the US into WWII

Answer 20

-Japanese joined Axis Powers after Roosevelt blocked sale of airplane fuel and scrap iron to Japan
- Roosevelt ]responded to the Japanese threat to British empire by freezing all Japanese assets in the United States and reducing the amount of oil shipped to Japan.
-The Japanese decided to attack resource-rich British and Dutch colonies in Southeast Asia, seize the Philippines, and attack Pearl Harbor.
>Japan attacked Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941, sinking or damaging 21 ships of the U.S. Pacific Fleet, killing 2,403 Americans, and injuring hundreds more.The next day, President Roosevelt asked Congress to declare war on Japan.