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world history benchmark Flashcards

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1
Q

According the the Five Pillars of Islam, every Muslim must

A

give charity to the poor

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2
Q

The first prophet of Islam was

A

Muhammad

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3
Q

The birthplace of Islam was

A

Mecca

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4
Q

The holy book of Islam is the

A

Quran

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5
Q

The two main groups within Islam are

A

Shiites and Sunnis

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6
Q

The Renaissance began in

A

Italy

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7
Q

How did Italy’s location help make it the starting point for the Renaissance?

A

its location allowed trade with Muslim world

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8
Q

The Renaissance was characterized by:

A
  • the idea that people can shape their own destinies
  • revival of interest in Greek and Roman civilizations
  • the emphasis on humanism
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9
Q

Groups that revolted against the Catholic Church and formed separate Christian churches during the
Reformation were known as:

A

Protestants

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10
Q

The Reformation began when:

A

Martin Luther publicly criticized the Church for selling indulgences

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11
Q

What is one belief of Luther that differed from Church practices?

A

he believed Christians would be saved only by faith

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12
Q

The English Reformation began as a result of the:

A

Pope’s refusal to annul Henry VIII’s marriage

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13
Q

Which of the following inventions contributed to the spread of ideas in the late Renaissance,
Reformation and Scientific Revolution?

A

the printing press

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14
Q

Why was Copernicus’s theory revolutionary?

A

It contradicted the teachings of the Church

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15
Q

The English Bill of Rights:

A
  • gave the House of Commons “the power of the purse”
  • forbid the us of cruel and unusual punishment against English citizens
  • created a limited (constitutional) monarchy
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16
Q

The defeat of the Spanish Armada by the English in 1588:

A
  • brought an end to Spain’s colonial monopoly in North America
  • signaled the decline of Spain as a major power
  • marked the rise of England as a major power
17
Q

The formation of the Holy Roman Empire was a very significant event in European history because it:

A
  • created the world’s first “superpower” of the modern era
  • delayed the development of German unification
  • led to the start of the Crimean War
18
Q

What European nation was the first to seek an all water route to Asia by sailing around Africa?

A

Portugal

19
Q

What European nation established colonies along the Mississippi River in present day United States and
along the St. Lawrence River in present day Canada?

A

France

20
Q

The European nations that first attempted to sail west across the Atlantic and establish colonies
throughout the Americas?

A

Spain

21
Q

What European nation established colonies along the eastern coast of North America?

A

England

22
Q

Who wrote that people have a natural right to overthrow the government?

A

John Locke

23
Q

Voltaire was a philosopher who defended

A

freedom of speech

24
Q

What idea of Montesquieu influenced the United States Constitution?

A

separation of powers

25
Q

What British writer favored an absolute monarchy as the best form of government?

A

Hobbes.

26
Q

The Enlightenment:

A

-served as an inspiration for both American and French Revolution
-championed the belief that social problems could be solved by applying reason and
Scientific method
-changed the relationship between rulers and the state to one where the ruler served the
state to support the people

27
Q

The symbolic start of the French revolution, which occurred on _____, and is celebrated as
French Independence Day is:

A

July 14, 1789, the storming of the Bastille

28
Q

Many people saw the Bastille as a symbol of

A

tyranny

29
Q

The first estate was made up of

A

clergy

30
Q

The third estate consisted of

A

Bourgeoisie and peasants

31
Q

The second estate consisted of

A

nobles

32
Q

The economic crisis in France was caused by

A
  • failure to reform
  • policies of the Estates-General
  • bad harvests, costly wars and deficit spending
33
Q

The Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen proclaimed all of the following EXCEPT

A

-equal rights for women

34
Q

The Committee of Public Safety was headed by:

A

Maximiian Robespierre

35
Q

Who invented the Guillotine?

A

Dr. Guillotin

36
Q

Which of the following helped Napoleon rise to power?

A

his military successes

world history (1 decks)

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