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AU14 Drug Mechanisms > Word Patterns; Mechanisms > Flashcards

Word Patterns; Mechanisms Flashcards

1
Q

-trop-

atropine

A
  1. block cholinergic/muscarinic receptors
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2
Q

-cur-

rocuronium

A
  1. block ACh receptor
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3
Q

-nol, -rol

albuterol

A
  1. beta2 agonist

-rol also seen in asthma lecture

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4
Q

-amine

amphetamine

A
  1. indirect acting amines

inc [NE]

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5
Q

-olol

metaprolol

A
  1. adrenergic antagonists

beta 1/beta 2 antagonist

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6
Q

-thiazide

chlorothiazide

A
  1. thiazide diurectics

inhibit Na+ resorption in DCT

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7
Q

-azosin (some -osin)

prazosin

A
  1. alpha 1 blockers
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8
Q

-olol

propranolol

A
  1. adrenergic antagonists

beta 1/beta 2 antagonist

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9
Q

-artan

losartan

A
  1. ANgiotension RecpTor ANtagonist
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10
Q

-entan

bosentan

A
  1. ENdothelian recepTor ANtagonist
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11
Q

-pril

captopril

A
  1. renin-angiotensin system

inhibit ACE enzyme

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12
Q

-ipine

nifedine

A
  1. Ca++ channel blockers
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13
Q

-fluranes

isoflurane

A
  1. halogenated hydrocarbons

+ GABA, - glutamate neurons

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14
Q

-caine (one i)

procaine

A
  1. ester LA

Na+ channel blockers

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15
Q

-caine (two ii)

lidocaine

A
  1. amino acid LA

Na+ channel blockers

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16
Q

-pam and -lam

diazepam

A
  1. benzodiazepines (anti-anxiety)

activate benzodiazepine receptor

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17
Q

-barbital

phenobarbital

A
  1. barbiturates (anti-anxiety)

enhance action of GABA

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18
Q

-melteon

ramelteon

A
  1. other sleep inducers

melatonin receptor agonist

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19
Q

-geline

selegiline

A
  1. Parkinson’s

inhibit MAO enzyme

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20
Q

-capone

tolcapone

A
  1. Parkinson’s

inhibit COMT enzyme

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21
Q

-azine

thioridazine

A 
2. schizo
inhibit DA receptors 
*hydralazine (anti-hypertensive)
*promethazine (H1 receptor blocker)
*sulfadiazine (sulfonamide anti-bact)
*"sala” (salicylates for IBD)
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22
Q

-idone

risperidone

A
  1. schizo

inhibit DA receptors

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23
Q

-apine

loxapine

A
  1. schizo
    inhibits DA receptors
    *mirtazapine (anti-depressant)
    *nevirapine (anti-viral)
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24
Q

-fentanial

fentanyl

A
  1. opiate

activate opiate receptor

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25
Q

-afinil

modafinal

A
  1. CNS stimulant

reuptake inhibitor

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26
Q

-nabi-

dronabinol

A
  1. “medical marijuana”

activate cannabinoid receptor

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27
Q

-darone

amidarone

A
  1. for arrhythmias

K+ channel blocker

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28
Q

-afil

sidenafil

A
  1. for ED

inhibits 5 cAMP phosphodiesterase

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29
Q

-parin

enoxaparin

A
  1. anticoagulant (heparin)

activates anti-thrombin

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30
Q

-rudin

desirudin

A
  1. anticoagulant (hirudin)

inhibits thrombin

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31
Q

-xaban

rivaroxaban

A
  1. oral anticoagulant

inhibits Xa “ban Xa”

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32
Q

-grel

ticagrelor

A
  1. platelet inhibitor
    ADP receptor blocker
    *exception: anagrelide is platelet count reducer
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33
Q

-fiba-

tirofiban

A
  1. platelet inhibitor

fibrinogen receptor blocker

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34
Q

-kinase

streptokinase

A
  1. thrombolytic agent

convert plasminogen –> plasmin

35
Q

-statin

lovastatin

A
  1. hyperlipidemia

inhibit HMG CoA reductase

36
Q

chole- or cole-

cholestyramine

A
  1. hyperlipidemia

bind bile acids in gut

37
Q

-fibr-

gemfibrozil

A 
3. fibrates
bind PPAR (activate receptor)
38
Q

-tidine

cimetidine

A
  1. H2 receptor blockers

-tidine also in GI lectures

39
Q

-triptan

sumatriptan

A
  1. treat migraines

serotonin agonist

40
Q

-ergo-

ergotamine

A
  1. to treat migraine
    partial serotonin agonist
    *ergocalciferol (Ca++ + osteoporosis)
41
Q

-rol

albuterol

A
  1. bronchodilator
    beta 2 agonist
    (also seen in autonomics)
42
Q

-tropium

tiotropium

A 
4. bronchodilator
block cholinergic (muscarinic) receptors
(-trop- also seen in autonomics)
43
Q

-crom-

nedocromil

A
  1. anti-inflammatory

inhibit Cl- channels –> mast cell inhibitors

44
Q

-lukast

zafirulkast

A
  1. asthma

leukotriene receptor blcoker

45
Q

-pro-

fenoprofen

A
  1. NSAIDs

inhibit COX1 and COX2 enzymes

46
Q

-fenac

bromofenac

A
  1. NSAIDs

inhibit COX1and COX2 enzymes

47
Q

-sone

prednisone

A
  1. activate receptor → induce lipocortin
    *Also seen in Asthma, Immunosuppressants,
    Chemotherapy, GI, Ca++
48
Q

-lone

triamcinolone

A
  1. activate receptor → induce lipocortin
    *Also seen in Asthma, Immunosuppressants,
    Chemotherapy, GI, Ca++
49
Q

-acep

abatacept, belatacept

A
  1. affect T cell activation

inhibit CD80 + CD86

50
Q

-acept

etanercept

A
  1. bind TNF
51
Q

-limus

sirolimus

A
  1. block T cell processes

bind FKBP → inhibit kinase for IL-2

52
Q

-flunomide

leflunomide

A
  1. block T cell replication

inhibit dihydroorate dehydrogenase

53
Q

-rubicin

danorubicin

A
  1. cell cycle non-specific

intercalates with DNA

54
Q

-vin

vincristine

A
  1. cell cycle specific

bind MT

55
Q

-nib

imitinib

A
  1. target specific

inhibit protein kinase

56
Q

-zomib

bortezomib

A
  1. target specific

inhibit proteasome

57
Q

-cillin-

cloxacillin

A
  1. penicillins (β-lactams)

inhibit transpeptidase

58
Q

ceph- or cef-

ceftaroline

A
  1. cephalosporins (β-lactams)

inhibit transpeptidase

59
Q

-penem

imipenem

A
  1. carbapenems (β-lactams)

inhibit transpeptidase

60
Q

-vancin

televancin

A
  1. non β-lactams

binds dialanine residues → disrupts cell membranes

61
Q

-ro- or -thro-

clarithryomycin

A
  1. macrolides (protein syn)

inhibit translocation

62
Q

-cycline

tigecycline

A
  1. tetracyclines (protein syn)

inhibit tRNA bindings to “A” site

63
Q

-pristin

quinupristin

A
  1. streogramins (protein syn)
    quinpristin: inhibit A + P site
    dalfopristin: inhibit P site
64
Q

-zolid

tedizolid

A
  1. oxazolidinones (protein syn)

inhibit f-met tRNA binding to P-site

65
Q

sulfa-

sulfadiazine

A
  1. sulfonamides
    inhibit dihydropterate synthase
    *sulfasalazine (GI drugs)
66
Q

-conazole

ketoconazole

A
  1. inhibit fungal P450
67
Q

-fungin

caspofungin

A
  1. echinocandins

inhibit enzyme → inhibit fungal cell wall synthesis

68
Q

-clovir

ganciclovir

A
  1. to treat Herpes or CMV

inhibit viral DNA polymerase

69
Q

-mandtadine

amandtadine

A
  1. to treat influenza A
    block transporter/ion channel
    *Amantadine also seen in Parkinson’s
70
Q

-mivir

oseltamivir

A
  1. to treat influenza A and B inhibit neuraminidase
71
Q

-previr

telaprevir

A
  1. to treat hepatitis

inhibit HCV protease

72
Q

-navir

ritonavir

A
  1. to treat HIV

inhibit protease enzyme

73
Q

-gravir

dolutegravir

A
  1. to treat HIV

inhibit HIV-1 integrase enzyme

74
Q

-tidine

ranitidine

A
  1. H2 receptor blockers → dec acid secretion

* Also seen in Biogenic Amines

75
Q

-prazoles

lansoprazole

A
  1. PPI (proton pump inhibitors
    inhibit ATPase enzyme
    *aripiprazole is marketed as anti-depressant
76
Q

-sala-

mesalamine

A
  1. salicylates (to treat IBD) dec PG synthesis in gut
77
Q

-setron

granisetron

A
  1. anti-emetics
    serotonin receptor blockers
    “setron” = SeLective TeRminators Of Nausea
78
Q

-glinide

nateglinide

A
  1. stimulate insulin release

block K+ receptors

79
Q

-glitazone

pioglitazone

A 
6. insulin enhances
bind PPAR (activate receptor)
80
Q

-glutide

liraglutide

A
  1. incretin enhancers

activate incretin receptor (incretin analog)

81
Q

-gliptine

linagliptine

A
  1. incretin enhancers

inhibit DPP-4 enzyme

82
Q

-gliflozin

canagliflozin

A
  1. delay glucose absorption

inhibit Na+/glucose transporter in PCT

83
Q

-dronate

pamidronate

A
  1. (amino)bisphosphonates
    til/eti inhibit ATP-requiring enzymes
    others inhibit farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase
84
Q

-calci-

ergocalciferol

A

vitamin D analog

AU14 Drug Mechanisms (7 decks)

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