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Psych > WK2 - Depressive Disorders > Flashcards

WK2 - Depressive Disorders Flashcards

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1
Q

SSRIs = selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (5)

A 
fluoxetine (Prozac) 
paroxetine (Paxil)  
sertraline (Zoloft)   
citalopram (Celexa)
escitalopram (Lexapro)
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2
Q

SNRIs: selective serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor

A

desvenlafazine (Pristiq)

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3
Q

NDRI: norepinephrine & Dopamine reuptake inhibitor

A

buproprion (Wellbutrin)

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4
Q

serotonin modulator

A

trazodone (Desyrel)

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5
Q

Mood

A

person’s emotional state or feeling expressed in own words. Document patient’s description.

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6
Q

Affect

A

observed responsiveness of a person’s emotional state. (physical manifestations; observable behavior)

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7
Q

Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCA) (3)

A

imipramine
doxepin
amitriptyline

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8
Q

Anhedonia

A

loss of interest or pleasure

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9
Q

psychomotor retardation

A

visible slowing of physical activity such as movement and speech having a mental, not organic, cause.

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10
Q

depression is seen more common in who…

A

women 2x than men

more prevalent in caucasians

worse in decreased light

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11
Q

depression is seen more common in who…

A

women 2x than men

more prevalent in caucasians

worse in decreased light

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12
Q

Biological factors of depression

A

Genetic-runs in families

Biochemical abnormalities
++Neurotransmitter imbalances
++Increased cortisol

Hormonal disturbance

Inflammatory process

Diathesis-stress model-predisposition to depression and stress can bring it out

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13
Q

Biological factors of depression

A

Genetic-runs in families

Biochemical abnormalities
++Neurotransmitter imbalances
++Increased cortisol

Hormonal disturbance

Inflammatory process

Diathesis-stress model-predisposition to depression and stress can bring it out

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14
Q

psychological factors of depression

A

Cognitive theory-psychological predisposition

Negative and/or unrealistic expectations of environment, self and future.

Unrealistic perceptions lead to recurrent dissatisfaction which lead to depression.

Learning theory: Learned helplessness-lack of coping ability after numerous failures

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15
Q

psychological factors of depression

A

Cognitive theory-psychological predisposition

Negative and/or unrealistic expectations of environment, self and future.

Unrealistic perceptions lead to recurrent dissatisfaction which lead to depression.

Learning theory: Learned helplessness-lack of coping ability after numerous failures

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16
Q

depression in children

A

Genetic predisposition for a mood disorder combined with a stressful situation may precipitate depression.

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17
Q

factors for depression in children

A

Physical or emotional detachment by primary caregiver

Parental separation

Divorce

Death of loved one, including pet

Relocation

Academic failure

Physical illnesses

Common thread is LOSS.

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18
Q

factors for depression in children

A

Physical or emotional detachment by primary caregiver

Parental separation

Divorce

Death of loved one, including pet

Relocation

Academic failure

Physical illnesses

Common thread is LOSS.

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19
Q

factors for depression in Teens

A

Conflicts between independence and maturation- some depression may be normal

Grief/loss (i.e., parent’ death or relationship breakup) may represent abandonment

Relationship loss is most frequent precursor to suicide

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20
Q

factors for depression in Teens

A

Conflicts between independence and maturation- some depression may be normal

Grief/loss (i.e., parent’ death or relationship breakup) may represent abandonment

Relationship loss is most frequent precursor to suicide

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21
Q

depression factors in older adults

A

Major stressors precipitate depression = =

Financial problems

Life changes- job ending/ retirement/ relocation

Physical illness- chronic illness and chronic PAIN

Grief/Loss
++Bereavement overload ( spouse, friends, family, home, independence)
++**decreased functional ability

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22
Q

depression factors in older adults

A

Major stressors precipitate depression = =

Financial problems

Life changes- job ending/ retirement/ relocation

Physical illness- chronic illness and chronic PAIN

Grief/Loss
++Bereavement overload ( spouse, friends, family, home, independence)
++**decreased functional ability

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23
Q

6 Depressive Disorders

A 
Major Depressive Disorder
/
Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder
/
Persistent Depressive Disorder (formerly called Dysthymia)
/
Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder
/
Substance/Medication-Induced
Depressive Disorder
/
Depressive Disorder Due to Another Medical Condition
24
Q

6 Depressive Disorders

A 
Major Depressive Disorder
/
Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder
/
Persistent Depressive Disorder (formerly called Dysthymia)
/
Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder
/
Substance/Medication-Induced
Depressive Disorder
/
Depressive Disorder Due to Another Medical Condition
25
Q

To have Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) you must have __ or more symptoms within a __ week period PLUS at least __ symptom is also either

A

5 symptoms
2 week
1 symptom

26
Q

5 of the following symptoms must be present in MDD plus one symptom of either…

A 
Weight loss and appetite changes
Sleep disturbances
Fatigue
Psychomotor agitation or retardation
Worthlessness or guilt
Loss of ability to concentrate
Recurrent thoughts of death
//
Depressed mood or

Loss of interest or pleasure (anhedonia)

27
Q

chronic MDD is considered if

A

lasting more than 2 years

28
Q

chronic MDD is considered if

A

lasting more than 2 years

29
Q

psychomotor agitation

A

an increase in activity brought on by mental tension.

30
Q

psychomotor agitation

A

an increase in activity brought on by mental tension.

31
Q

MDD in children and teens

A

5 or more symptoms present during 2-week period

  1. Depressed or irritable, cranky mood
    and
  2. Loss of interest or pleasure (anhedonia)

And any 3 of the following:

  1. Significant weight loss or decrease in appetite
  2. Insomnia or hypersomnia
  3. Psychomotor agitation or retardation
  4. Fatigue or lack of energy
  5. Feelings of worthlessness or guilt
  6. Decreased concentration or indecisiveness
  7. Recurrent thoughts of death or suicide
32
Q

other symptoms of MDD in children and teens

A

Frequent vague, non-specific physical complaints

Frequent absences or poor performance in school

Being bored

Alcohol or substance abuse

Increased anger or hostility

Reckless behavior

33
Q

depression symptoms upto age 3

A

failure to thrive

feeding problems

lack of playfulness

lack of emotional expression;

delay in speech or motor
development

34
Q

depression symptoms age 3-5

A

prone to accidents

phobias

aggressiveness

excessive self-reproach for minor infractions

35
Q

depression symptoms age 6-8

A

vague physical complaints

aggressive behavior

cling to parents

avoid new people and challenges

behind in social skills/academic performance

36
Q

depression symptoms ages 9-12

A

morbid thoughts

excessive worrying

lack of interest socially

think they have disappointed parents

37
Q

Age of Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder

A

6-18 yrs old

38
Q

onset for DMDD must be before age….

A

10

39
Q

symptoms of DMDD

A

include anger and constant, severe irritability

40
Q

DMDD is more common in

A

males and children than adolescents

41
Q

DMDD displays

A

Temper tantrums with verbal and behavioral outbursts at least 3 X weekly

Display irritability, anger, and temper tantrums in at least 2 settings (home, school, and with peers

42
Q

persistent depressive disorder

A

Low-level depressive feelings through most of each day, for the majority of days

Symptoms for at least 2 years in adults
At least 1 year in children and adolescents

43
Q

persistent depressive disorder must have two or more of…

A

Decreased appetite or overeating, insomnia or hypersomnia, low energy, poor self-esteem, difficulty thinking, and hopelessness

44
Q

persistent depressive disorder is formerly known as

A

dysthymia

45
Q

premenstrual dysphoric disorders

A

Symptom cluster in last week prior to onset of a woman’s period

46
Q

premenstrual dysphoric disorder symptoms include

A

Mood swings, irritability, depression, anxiety, feeling overwhelmed, and difficulty concentrating

47
Q

other physical manifestations of premenstrual dysphoric disorder

A

lack of energy, overeating, hypersomnia or insomnia, breast tenderness, aching, bloating, and weight gain.

48
Q

T/F Symptoms decrease significantly or disappear with the onset of menstruation
in premenstrual dysphoric disorder

A

True

49
Q

Substance-induced depressive disorder

A

Person does not experience depressive symptoms in the absence of drug or alcohol use or withdrawal

50
Q

Depressive disorder associated with another medical condition

A

Can be caused by kidney failure, Parkinson’s disease, and Alzheimer’s disease for example

Symptoms that result from medical diagnoses or certain medications are not considered major depressive disorder

51
Q

Nursing process areas to assess

A 
Affect
Thought processes/Content
Mood
Judgement/Insight
Physical behavior/Activity
Communication
Religious beliefs and spirituality
52
Q

categories of Affect

A

Full/Broad Range

Constricted: a little less than normal

Blunted: limited expression
Flat affect: does not demonstrate emotion

Congruent/Incongruent: do mood and affect match?

Sad: body language implies sadness; eye contact downcast; stooped posture; facial expression

53
Q

nursing process nursing diagnosis

A

Risk for suicide—safety is always highest priority

Hopelessness

Ineffective coping

Social isolation

Spiritual distress

Self-care deficit

54
Q

what is the Recovery Model

A

Focus on patient’s strengths to improve health and reach full potential

Treatment goals mutually developed

Based on patient’s personal needs and values

Measurable

55
Q

3 phases of treatment

A

Acute phase (6-12 weeks)

Continuation phase (4 to 9 months)

maintenance phase (1 year or more)

Psych (12 decks)

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