Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

history > Whitechapel > Flashcards

Whitechapel Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® U.S. History flashcards European History 101 flashcards AP® European History flashcards AP® World History flashcards World History 102 flashcards U.S. History 102 flashcards World History 101 flashcards U.S. History 101 flashcards
1
Q

What are rookeries?

A

this was slum housing
this was were most housing was located
overcrowded with poor sanitation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what are lodging houses?

A

this was where lodgers paid a nightly fee for a bed and access to a kitchen
conditions were squalid
around 1/4 of the population lived here

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

name and explain an attempt to improve the housing conditions in Whitechapel

A

George Peabody was an American Philanthropist and he paid for the 11 blocks of flats in a former slum.

the peabody estate opened in 1881 and tenants were charged a reasonable rent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

why was there high unemployment?

A

there was high unemployment because of an economic depression and few jobs were available to women so many turned to prostitution to survive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what was life like for those who has jobs?

A

those who had jobs worked long hours for low pay in factories in sweated trades were conditions were cramped and dirty

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

the link between environment and crime

what did unreliable work mean for the people of Whitechapel?

A

this meant that many people had lots of spare time which lead to alcoholism, disruptive behaviour and violence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

the link between environment and crime

what did overcrowding lead to?

A

this lead to tensions between residents which often led to violence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

the link between environment and crime

what did high levels of prostitution lead to?

A

this lead to violence on women

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

the link between environment and crime

what did low income levels mean for the people of Whitechapel?

A

this lead to stealing for survival by those desperate to avoid the workhouse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

after 1880 where were many young orphans cared for?

A

in barnardo’s homes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what type of people went to the workhouse

A

elderly people
ill people
unmarried mothers
orphans
the disabled

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what was life like in the workhouse

A

it was seen as the last resort for many

they offered a bed and food in return for hard labour

conditions were deliberately poor, families were split up and inmates had to wear uniforms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

why was alcohol a problem for the H division police force?

A

there was a large number of pubs and gin houses which sold very strong alcohol for cheap prices. drunkenness often fuelled to violence. many alcoholics turned to crime to feed their habit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

why was prostitution a problem for the H division police force?

A

with very few jobs available to women some turned to prostitution to survive.

By 1888 approx. prostitutes vulnerable to violence worked in brothels or in the streets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

why was the environment a problem for the H division police force?

A

dark narrow alleys and courts with multiple doorways into rookeries packed with people and their possessions made chasing and finding criminals difficult

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

why were gangs a problem for the H division police force?

A

alongside individual petty thieves, large professional gangs of thieves and pickpockets operated. they employed individuals who were well trained both at stealing and getting away from crime

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

why was attacks on Jews a problem for the H division police force?

A

after large scale Jewish immigration in the 1880’s attacks on Jews became common. some police were anti semitic themselves, while the language barrier prevented others from helping catch their attackers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

why were violent demonstrations a problem for the H division police force?

A

public protests were fairly common in Whitechapel. The social democratic federation was involved in many of these protests such as the trafalgar square demonstration in November 1887. Large numbers of angry people in one place frequently led to disorder and violence and needed a large number of police to deal with them

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

why were protect rackets a problem for the H division police force?

A

gangs such as the bessabarian tigers, demanded protection money to protect peoples businesses. refusal led to property damage and violence. fear of these gangs meant that people very rarely reported them to the police or either paid up or retaliated with violence themselves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

who was the Whitechapel vigilance committee set up by?

A

set up by businessmen in Whitechapel due to the police’s lack of progress in catching the ripper murderer.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what did the W.V.C offer people?

A

offered people a reward for information leading to the capture of the murderer.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what did the W.V.C do every night?

A

patrolled the streets every night with torches and whistles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

how might have the W.V.C caused police disruption?

A

many people sent false leads and it encouraged the criticism of the police in the newspapers

24
Q

when was the W.V.C set up?

A

1888, September 10th

25
Q

what were attitudes towards the police like?

A

the police was mistrusted and they were seen as part of the government that didn’t care for working class people

26
Q

what did attitudes towards the police mean for investigations?

A

many people didn’t cooperate with the police and police constables were frequently attacked. this made police ineffective

27
Q

what did beat constables do?

A

they were each given a set route within Whitechapel to patrol

28
Q

who did beat constables report their findings to and what did they do during the job?

A

they were on the lookout for trouble and stopped and questioned people to find out what they were doing. they regularly had to report to their sergeant and everything was recored in a diary

29
Q

Name some improvements to investigative policing after 1888

A
  1. by 1900, the introduction of telephones improved the speed of police communications
  2. introduced the Bertillon system of taking measurements and photographs of suspects and keeping those records centrally so they could be shared
30
Q

why was rival police forces a problem?

A

rather than share information and cooperate on cases each force wanted to solve crimes before the others did

31
Q

why was police districts overlapping a problem?

A

Whitechapel overlapped the two police districts so rivalry was a problem during the ripper investigations

32
Q

between what dates did the Ripper murders take place?

A

between 31st of August and the 9th of November 1888

33
Q

how many women were strangled and mutilated

A

5 women

34
Q

why did the murder become known as Jack the Ripper?

A

because this was the same someone used on letters sent to the police

35
Q

how did the media cause problems to investigative policing?

A

although media coverage encouraged people to come forward, it also attracted hoax letters and thousands of theories on the identity of the killer

36
Q

what other social problems did media cause?

A

media also stirred up racial hatred, as the media was convinced that an ‘englishman’ could not have committed such awful crimes

37
Q

what did racial hatred lead to more of?

A

led to more violence for the police to deal with such as attacks and discrimination against foreigners

38
Q

how did the media add more pressure onto the police?

A

the media also added pressure on the police by criticising their investigation

39
Q

Investigative Policing Techniques

house to house searches for evidence

A

in the ripper case pubs and opium dens were searched

40
Q

Investigative Policing Techniques

distributing leaflets and advertising in newspapers appealing for information from the public

A

in the ripper case 80,000 leaflets were distributed

41
Q

Investigative Policing Techniques

following up clues found or not found at the crime scenes

A

in the ripper case it was noted that one of the victims rings had been taken

42
Q

Investigative Policing Techniques
following up evidence from the bodies detailed by post mortems and corners reports

A

in the ripper case the police visited hospitals, as some of the mutilated bodies were though to show the murder had good knowledge of anatomy

43
Q

Investigative Policing Techniques

detailed annotations and sketches of the crime scene were drawn and photographs were taken

A

in the ripper case they were used to compare murders with others

44
Q

can you name two more investigative techniques?

A
  1. setting up soup kitchens to encourage the poorest to come forward with information
  2. interviewing witnesses or suspects including those provided by tip offs
45
Q

what was one reason why tensions in Whitechapel were high?

A

as a result of it’s varied and fluctuating population tensions were high

46
Q

why were there tensions with locals and immigrants?

A

there were tensions with immigrant and local populations over access to housing and jobs

47
Q

what were jewish immigrants ready to accept?

A

recently arrived jewish immigrants were prepared to accept lower pay and poor conditions. this lead to an increase in the sweatshop system - this annoyed other workers and non-sweatshop employers

48
Q

what was anyone with a foreign accent suspected of?

A

being a violent revolutionary

49
Q

what were ‘foreigners’ blamed for?

A

many crimes such as the ripper muders and racial hatred and violence

50
Q

name four tensions in Whitechapel

A
  1. Irish immigrants
  2. fluctuating population
  3. anarchists and socialists
  4. Eastern European immigrants
51
Q

Tensions in Whitechapel
Expand:
Irish Immigrants

A
  1. many Irish left Ireland for the USA in the 1840’s but ended up in London instead
  2. poverty meant that most could only afford to live in the lest expensive parts of London
  3. most worked as navvies which are labourers building roads) or dockers
  4. they had a rep. for being drunk and violent and were associated with terrorism
52
Q

who were the Fenians?

A

they were seen as fanatical terrorists fighting for irelands independence from Britain

53
Q

Tensions in Whitechapel
Expand:

Fluctuating Population

A

most accommodation in Whitechapel was temporary, which meant there were many temp. residents who didn’t have an interest in fostering any sense of community

54
Q

Tensions in Whitechapel
Expand:

Anarchists and Socialists

A

from 1848 there was a wave of attempted revolutions across Europe. many of the revolutions ended up in Londons east end

movements set up or supported by the revolutionaries were anarchism which opposed government and socialism and wanted to end capitalism

both movements were feared by the authorities and middle and upper classes but attracted some support from residents of Whitechapel

55
Q

Tensions in Whitechapel
Expand:

Eastern European Immigrants

A

Huge influx of E.E. immigrants into Whitechapel in the 1880’s who were mostly Russian and polish jews and who had fled persecution in the Russian empire after Tsar Alexander II’s assassination in 1881

poverty meant that they were only able to settle in the cheaper parts of London

tended to stick together within these areas causing segregation. by 1888 some parts of Whitechapel had a 95% jewish population

history (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions