Wheat Diseases

Question 1

Fusarium Head Blight (scab)

Answer 1

Fungus of cereals and grasses

Head and kernel blight;
Mycotoxins

Airborne spores (regional) and rain splashed (local) spores from corn and cereal debris

Favored by moisture at crop flowering through early grain fill

Follow a non-cereal crop (1)
Plant less susceptible varieties (2)
Stagger Planting Dates (3)
Foliar fungicides at flowering (1)

Question 2

Leaf Rust

Answer 2

Fungus only on wheat

Airborne spores (long distance

favored by warm, humid;
Thunderstorms in june

Timely planting (2)
Resistant varieties (1-2)
Foliar Fungicides (1)

Question 3

Loose Smut

Answer 3

Fungus on wheat only

Kernel replacement by spores

In seed (embryo)

Favored by bin-ruined seed

Certified Seed (1)
Systemic Seed fungicides (1)

Question 4

Powdery Mildew

Answer 4

Fungus on wheat

Mildew on all plant surfaces

Airborne spores (regional)

Humid; moderate temperatures

Systemic seed fungicides (2)
Foliar fungicides (1)
Resistant varieties (2)

Question 5

Septoria Tritici Blotch

Answer 5

Fungus on wheat

Leaf blotch

Spread on wheat debris;
windborne

Favored by splashing rain;
extended leaf wetness

Foliar fungicides (1)

Question 6

Stagonospora Nodorum Blotch

Answer 6

Fungus on wheat

Leaf/Glume Blotch

In seed and wheat debris;
windborne

Favored by Splashing rain;
extended leaf wetness

Seed Fungicides (3)
Foliar Fungicides (1)

Question 7

Tan Spot

Answer 7

Fungus on Wheat

Leaf spot

In seed, wheat debris;
windborne spores

Favored by wheat after wheat;
humid, moderate temps; rainfall

Seed fungicides (2)
partially resistant varieties (2)
Foliar fungicides (1)

Question 8

Soilborne Wheat mosaic Virus

Answer 8

Virus on wheat, triticale

Foliar mosiac

Transmitted by protozoan;
persists in soil for many years;
limited distribution in Northeast

Favored by soil moisture at seedling stages;
cool spring temps

Resistant varieties (1)

Question 9

Wheat Spindle Streak Mosaic Virus

Answer 9

Virus of wheat

Spindle-shaped yellow streaks on leaves in spring

Transmitted by protozoan;
persists in soil for many years;
WIDESPREAD in Northeast

Favored by Soil moisture at seedling stages;
extended cool spring temps

Resistant varieties (1)

Question 10

Yellow Dwarf Virus

Answer 10

Virus of many cereals and grasses

Yellowing of leaves; stunting of plants

Transmitted by aphids (short and long distance)

Favored by early planting;
high aphid populations;
nearby infected grasses

Plant after Hessian fly free date (2)
Systemic seed insecticides (2)