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Western Civ. Unit 3 > Western Civ. Unit 3 > Flashcards

Western Civ. Unit 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Settled in Greek mainland around 2000BC. Had thick large wall. Copied many Minoan things then ended up destroying them.

A

Mycenaeans

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2
Q

1200’s B.C. 10 years long against Troy.

A

Trojan War

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3
Q

A Greek-speaking people who migrated into mainland Greece after the destruction of the Mycenaean civilization. Ruled in Dark Ages. Little is known about this time.

A

Dorian

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4
Q

A blind epic writer. Wrote the Odyssey. A teacher. , A Greek poet, author of the Iliad and the Odyssey

A

Homer

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5
Q

Poems about history originally but eventually stretched to a greater story only barely containing history.

A

Epic

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6
Q

A traditional story about gods, ancestors, or heroes, told to explain the natural world or the customs and beliefs of a society.

A

Myth

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7
Q

A city-state in ancient Greece

A

Polis

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8
Q

A fortified area located at the top of a hill that served as a place to escape in case of attack and sometimes as a religious center.

A

Acropolis

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9
Q

A government ruled by a king or queen

A

Monarchy

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10
Q

A government in which power is in the hands of a hereditary ruling class or nobility

A

Aristocracy

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11
Q

A government ruled by a few powerful people. Usually richer people.

A

Oligarchy

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12
Q

Powerful individuals who took control of the government by addressing the common person.

A

Tyrant

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13
Q

A political system in which the supreme power lies in a body of citizens who can elect people to represent them (picked by lottery)

A

Democracy

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14
Q

In ancient Sparta, captive peoples who were forced to work for their conquerors

A

Helot

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15
Q

A military formation of foot soldiers armed with spears and shields

A

Phalanx

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16
Q

1 battle, 1 year. Persians lost. Athens thrived because of it.

A

Persian Wars

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17
Q

Government where citizens rule directly rather than having representatives

A

Direct Democracy

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18
Q

Art of ancient Greece and Rome where harmony, order, and proportion were emphasized

A

Classical Art

19
Q

Serious form of drama dealing with the downfall of a heroic or nobic character

A

Tragedy

20
Q

Humorous form of drama that often includes slapstick and satire, often used to make fun of government officials

A

Comedy

21
Q

War between Athens and Sparta, Sparta was the winner

A

Peloponnesian War

22
Q

Thinker who uses logic and reason to investigate the nature of the universe, human society, and morality

A

Philosopher

23
Q

Believed that absolute standards did exist for truth and justice and he encouraged Greeks to go farther and question themselves and their moral character

A

Socrates

24
Q

Student of Socrates, wrote the Republic where he set his vision of a perfectly governed society-not a democracy- some place where citizens would fall into three groups: farmers/artisans, warriors, and the rulers

A

Plato

25
Q

Questioned the nature of the world and of human belief, thought, and knowledge, invented a method of arguing according to rules of logic

A

Aristotle

26
Q

King of Macedonia who conquered Greece using strong military

A

Philip 2

27
Q

An ancient kingdom in southeastern Europe. Ruled by Phillip 2 from 359-3336 B.C.

A

Macedonia

28
Q

Son and successor of Phillip 2 who was a military leader who conquered many empire from 356-323 BC

A

Alexander the Great

29
Q

A king of Persia defeated by Alexander The Great from 380-330 B.C.

A

Darius 3

30
Q

“blending”

A

Hellenistic

31
Q

became foremost center of commerce and hellenistic civilization

A

Alexandria

32
Q

eratosthenes and aristarchus used a geometry text complied

A

Euclid

33
Q

syracuse studied at alexandria

A

Archimedes

34
Q

this bronze statue stood more than 100 feet high

A

Colossus of Rhodes

35
Q

How did Athens benefit from victory in the Persian Wars?

A

The Persians were the most threatening enemy of the Greek city-states
After Persia was defeated, Greek life flourished

36
Q

How was living in Athens different from living in Sparta?

A

Sparta was fully focused on military and protection where as Athens where as Athens prized other pursuits.

37
Q

What contributions did Solon and Cleisthenes make to the

development of Athenian democracy?

A

Solon let all Athenian citizens participate in the Assembly and Cleisthenes created the Council of Five Hundred.

38
Q

How does an aristocracy differ from an oligarchy?

A

In an oligarchy, they don’t have to be landowning men, they could be wealthy merchants or artisans. Also in aristocracy they become rulers by inheritance.

39
Q

What steps did Pericles take to strengthen democracy in Athens?

A

He increased the number of paid public officials and he introduced direct democracy

40
Q

What were the battle strategies of Athens and Sparta in the Peloponnesian war?

A 
Athens - 
- To avoid land battles with the Spartan army
- Wait to strike from the sea
Sparta - 
- Strike from land
- To burn the Athenian food supply
41
Q

Why do you think some Athenians found the ideas of Socrates so disturbing?

A

Because they had never been asked to question their own morals.

42
Q

How did trade contribute to cultural diversity in the hellenistic city of Alexandria?

A

The trade was from all the countries and very diverse.

43
Q

How did Euclid influence some of the developments in astronomy during the hellenistic period?

A

The geometry that he wrote about helped eratosthenes and aristarchus calculate the earth size.

44
Q

What did stoicism and epicureanism have in common?

A

They both have the belief that people should live in peace.

Western Civ. Unit 3 (1 decks)

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