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Western civ > western civ > Flashcards

western civ Flashcards

1
Q

Western Civilization

A

the adoption of social, political, or economical, organization of the western counties.

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2
Q

artifact

A

human made object, such as pottery, tools, weapons, or jewelry

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3
Q

culture

A

peoples, unique way of life, shown through tools, art, ideas, and clothes

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4
Q

hominid

A

a member of a biological group, including human beings and related species, that was upright

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5
Q

Paleolithic Age (stone age)

A

the prehistoric period that lasted till 8000 BC, during which people made stone tools, and wepons

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6
Q

Neolithic Age (new stone age)

A

prehistoric age that started in 8000 BC, during which people learned to polish stone tools, make pottery, grow crops, and rais animals

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7
Q

technology

A

the way in which people apply knowledge, tools, and inventions to meet their needs.

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8
Q

Homo sapiens

A

the biological term for humans

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9
Q

nomad

A

a person who has no permanent home. they travel from place to place searching for food.

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10
Q

hunter-gatherer

A

a member of a nomadic group whose food supply depends on hunters and gathering for food

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11
Q

Neolithic Revolution

A

the major change in human life caused by the start of farming. also known as the shift from hunter-gathering to food-producing

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12
Q

slash-and-burn farming

A

a method of farming in which people clear fields by cutting and burning trees and grasses. the ash from this fertilizes the soil.

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13
Q

domestication

A

the taming for animals for human use

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14
Q

civilization

A

a form of a culture characterized by cities, specialized workers, complex institutions, record keeping, and advanced technology

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15
Q

specialization

A

the development of skills in a particular kind of work such as trading or record keeping

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16
Q

artisan

A

a skilled worker, such as a weaver or a potter, who makes hand goods.

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17
Q

institution

A

a long-lasting pattern of organization in community

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18
Q

scribe

A

one of the professional record keepers in the erly civilizations

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19
Q

cuneiform

A

a system of wrighting with wedge-shaped symbols,invented by the sumerians around 3000 BC

20
Q

Bronze Age

A

period in human history, beggining around 300 BC. in sosme areas,during which people began using bronze, rather than copper stone, to make etools and wepons

21
Q

barter

A

a form of trade in witch people exchange goods and servises without using money

22
Q

ziggurat

A

a teired pyramid shaoed structure that formed part of a summerian temple

23
Q

Fertile Crescent

A

an arc of ritch farmland in southwest asia, between the perisian golf and the mediteranin sea

24
Q

Mesopotamia

A

an ancient region of southwestern Asia in present-day Iraq. Its alluvial plains were the site of the civilizations of Sumer

25
Q

city-state

A

a city and its surrounding lands functioning as an independent political unit

26
Q

dynasty

A

a series of rulers from a single family

27
Q

cultural diffusion

A

the spreding of ideas or productd from one culture to another

28
Q

polytheism

A

a belief in many gods

29
Q

empire

A

a political unit in which a member of people or countires are controlled by a singular ruler

30
Q

Hammurabi

A

the 6th king of the first dynasty of Babylonia from 1792–1750 bc. He extended the Babylonian empire and instituted one of the earliest known collections of laws.

31
Q

delta

A

a marchy region formed by deposits of silt at the mouth of a river

32
Q

Narmer

A

an ancient Egyptian pharaoh of the Early Dynastic Period.

33
Q

pharaoh

A

a king of ancient egypt, considerd a god aswell as a political and military leader

34
Q

theocracy

A
  1. a government in which the ruler is veiwed as divine

2. a goverment controlled by a religious leader.

35
Q

pyramid

A

a massive structer with a rectangular base with four triangular sides. like those that were built in egypt as burial places for old kingdome pharaohs

36
Q

mummification

A

a process of embalming and drying corpses to prevent them from decaying

37
Q

hieroglyphic

A

an ancient Egyptian wrighting system in which pictures were used to represent ideas and sounds.

38
Q

papyrus

A

a tall reed that grows in the nile delta, used by antient egyptians to make paperlike material for wrighting on

39
Q

Define Western Civilization. Identify and describe the characteristics of Western Civilization. What regions of the world are considered “Western” today?

A
  • the adoption of social, political, or economic, organizations of the western counties.
  • modern technology, nee ways of thinking and working
  • Today the western region is considered the Americas, but back then “western” was considered like western Asia because they thought that that was the farthest west you could get. they had no concept of how big the earth was.
40
Q

Identify and explain the three main components of culture. Describe how culture is learned.

A
  • common practices (what people eat, wear, what sports they play, their tools/technology, social customs, work)
  • shard understandings (language, Symonds, religion, their values, the art, and political beliefs)
  • social organizations (family, class, relationship with community, government, economic system, view of authority)
41
Q

Detail the progression of hominid development from Australopithecines to Cro-Magnon. How did Neanderthals and Cro-magnons differ from early people?

A
  • their DNA did not match up, so they were not related
  • Cro-Magnon planned their hunts. they studied animals
  • they had superior hunting strategies that allowed them to survive more easily
42
Q

Describe the impact of the neolithic revolution on the transition from hunter-gatherers to permanent settlement to civilization.

A
  • helped the carly civilizations of sumer, babylon, and Egypt to grow and develope
  • it set up tools and tecnology that came later in history.
43
Q

Identify and explain the five characteristics associated with civilization.

A
  • specilized workers
  • record keeping
  • advanced tecnology
  • advanced cities
  • complex instatution
44
Q

identify and describe the key geographic and cultural features of the Mesopotamian civilization.

A

geographic - had one of it sides facing the mediterainin sea. that led them to be advanced in fishing
- they also belived in many gods

45
Q

Identify and describe the key geographic and cultural features of Egyptian civilization

A
  • they were surounded by the nile river. that helped them a good trading ouytlet aswell as rich soil for good food growth
  • they were also in a desert
  • they belived in many gods and used mumification, and had pharos as divine kings/queens
46
Q

Describe the role of Pharaoh within Egyptian society. Who was the first “pharaoh”? Explain why historians believe that this unique position was the key to Egyptian progress and success.

A
  • narmer was the first pharaoh
  • they believed that the pharaohs were also divine. menaing that they were a greater being than just a human.
  • this had an effect on their culter aswell because it led them to have rituals and traditions to honer the pharaohs

Western civ (1 decks)

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