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Introduction To Mental Health > Week Nine - OCD > Flashcards

Week Nine - OCD Flashcards

1
Q

Name 4 disorders related to OCD

A

Hoarding Disorders
Body Dysphoria
Skin Picking
Hair Picking

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2
Q

Prevalence of OCD in the population

A

Lifetime of 2-3%
12-Month of 1%
No sex difference
Typically later adolescent onset

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3
Q

Diagnostic Criteria of OCD (DSM-5)

A

Presence of compulsions and obsessions
Take more than an hour a day/cause clinical stress/ lead to impaired functioning

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4
Q

Define obsessions

A

Repetitive behaviours or mental acts such as counting, praying, washing hands

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5
Q

Define compulsions

A

Internal/Mental thoughts used to relieve anxiety induced by obsession, persistent and reoccurring thoughts

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6
Q

Biological theories of OCD

A
  • Genetic: concordance rates in twins and families
  • Glutamate transporter gene
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7
Q

Link between OCD and Neurotransmitters

A
  • Levels of serotonin?
    -Clomipramine often effective
  • Long time SSRI use = fewer OCD symptoms
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8
Q

Psychological causes of OCD

A
  • Learnt product of CC and OC
    -Two process theory where neutral stimuli becomes associated with something fearful
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9
Q

Explain the thought-action theory

A

Cognitive
Differences in how thoughts are appraised / inflated sense of responsibility

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10
Q

Cognitive bias and distortions in OCD

A
  • Impairments in meta cognition
  • Deficits in motor inhibition
    -Intentional bias towards obsession relevant cues/respond slower [Mortiz et al]
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11
Q

2 main treatments of OCD

A

Psychological: ERP, CBT
Biological: Medication affecting serotonin, neurosurgery

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12
Q

Explain the NICE guidelines stepped model

A

Individualised
Steps 3-5: psychological interventions>pharmacological interventions> inpatient

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13
Q

Explain how EPR is used to treat OCD

A
  • Exposure to stimuli and response prevention
  • Anxiety hierarchy often used
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14
Q

How is CBT used to treat OCD

A
  • Helps to develop a different perspective of ones problem
  • Many different techniques eg. showing unlikely consequence

-Attempts to break thought-action fuse

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15
Q

How can neurosurgery treat OCD

A
  • Targets specific nodes within brain network to relieve symptoms
    -Overactive neural circuitry = prevents this dysfunction
    -Many consequences eg. personality change,epilepsy
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16
Q

Alternative treatment that is more appropriate compared to neurosurgery

A

Deep Brain Stimulation - electrical pulses targeting nodes

Introduction To Mental Health (10 decks)

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