Week 5 Phonology Vocab Flashcards
phonology
the study of the abstract categories that organize the sound system of a language.
spectrogram
a graphic representation of the frequency distribution of the complex jumble of sound waves that give the hearing impression of speech sounds.
phone
A physical realization of a speech sound like the voiceless or the voiced alveolar approximant
phoneme
a unit of sound that distinguishes one word from another in a particular language. Ex: p,b,d,t
allophones of the phoneme
Phones which function as alternant realizations of the same phoneme
narrow transcription
additional articulatory details in the transcription. Ex: [ ̥] in [ɹ ̥])
distribution
the different positions in which a speech sound can occur or cannot occur in the words of a language.
complementary distribution
Two sounds which are distributed in such a way that one can only occur where the other cannot occur
minimal pairs
a pair of words which differ in only one sound, but differ in meaning
neutralization
the elimination of certain distinctive features of
phonemes in certain environments.
final devoicing
a voiced phoneme has a voiceless allophone in word-final position
velarization
a secondary articulation of consonants by which the back of the tongue is raised toward the velum during the articulation of the consonant.
aspirated stop
is the strong burst of breath that accompanies either the release or, in the case of preaspiration, the closure of some obstruents.
aspiration
the process of aspirating stops
non-rhotic
r-sounds do not seem to occur in word-final position. In RP, the phoneme /ɹ/ is not absent word-finally; it is simply not pronounced.
