week 4: Prehistoric & Ancient Mediterranean

Question 1

Amphora

Answer 1

a type of pot used to carry and store such goods as wine or olive oil (See Chapter 3.1, page 382)

Question 2

Archaic

Answer 2

Greek art of the period c. 620–480 bce (See Chapter 3.1, page 385)

Question 3

Architectural order

Answer 3

a style of designing columns and related parts of a Greek or Roman building (See Chapter 3.1, page 380)

Question 4

Bust

Answer 4

a statue of a person depicting only his or her head and shoulders (See Chapter 3.1, page 386)

Question 5

Capital

Answer 5

the architectural feature that crowns a column (See Chapter 3.1, page 380)

Question 6

Cardinal points

Answer 6

North, South, East, and West (See Chapter 3.1, page 375)

Question 7

Classical

Answer 7

Greek art of the period c. 480–323 bce (See Chapter 3.1, page 381)

Question 8

Coffered

Answer 8

decorated with recessed paneling (See Chapter 3.1, page 387)

Question 9

Contrapposto

Answer 9

a pose in sculpture in which the upper part of the body twists in one direction and the lower part in another (See Chapter 3.1, page 382)

Question 10

Deify

Answer 10

to worship and to make into a god or goddess (See Chapter 3.1, page 377)

Question 11

Entablature

Answer 11

the part of a Greek or Roman building that rests on top of a column (See Chapter 3.1, page 380)

Question 12

Facade

Answer 12

any side of a building, usually the front or entrance (See Chapter 3.1, page 387)

Question 13

Faience

Answer 13

quartz or sand ground and heated to create a shiny, glasslike material (See Chapter 3.1, page 377)

Question 14

Fresco

Answer 14

a technique in which the artist paints onto freshly applied plaster. From the Italian fresco, “fresh” (See Chapter 3.1, page 369)

Question 15

Frieze

Answer 15

the strip that goes around the top of a building, often filled with sculptural ornamentation (See Chapter 3.1, page 380)

Question 16

Hellenistic

Answer 16

Greek art of the period c. 323–100 bce (See Chapter 3.1, page 385)

Question 17

Hierarchical scale

Answer 17

he use of size to denote the relative importance of subjects in an artwork (See Chapter 3.1, page 371)

Question 18

Hieroglyph

Answer 18

written language involving sacred characters that may be pictures as well as letters or signifiers of sounds (See Chapter 3.1, page 375)

Question 19

Ka

Answer 19

in Egyptian belief, the spirit of a person that leaves the body upon death and travels to the afterlife (See Chapter 3.1, page 374)

Question 20

Krater

Answer 20

a container for mixing wine with water, into which cups can then be dipped to ladle out the diluted wine for drinking (See Chapter 3.1, page 382)

Question 21

Lapis lazuli

Answer 21

bright-blue semiprecious stone containing sodium aluminum silicate and sulphur (See Chapter 3.1, page 370)

Question 22

Metope

Answer 22

a square space between triglyphs, often decorated with sculpture (See Chapter 3.1, page 380)

Question 23

Ocher

Answer 23

a pigment found in nature containing hydrated iron oxide (See Chapter 3.1, page 367)

Question 24

Oculus

Answer 24

a round opening at the center of a dome (See Chapter 3.1, page 388)

Question 25

Pediment

Answer 25

the triangular space, situated above the row of columns, on the facade of a building in the Classical style (See Chapter 3.1, page 381)

Question 26

Pigment

Answer 26

the colorant in art materials. Often made from finely ground minerals (See Chapter 3.1, page 367)

Question 27

Polytheism

Answer 27

the worship of more than one god or goddess (See Chapter 3.1, page 370)

Question 28

Readymade

Answer 28

an everyday object presented as a work of art (See Chapter 3.1, page 546)

Question 29

Register

Answer 29

one of two or more horizontal sections into which a space is divided in order to depict the episodes of a story (See Chapter 3.1, page 370)

Question 30

Renaissance

Answer 30

a period of culture and artistic change in Europe from the fourteenth to the seventeenth century (See Chapter 3.1, page 385)

Question 31

Sarcophagus (plural sarcophagi)

Answer 31

a coffin (usually made of stone or baked clay) (See Chapter 3.1, page 374)

Question 32

Shaft

Answer 32

the main vertical part of a column (See Chapter 3.1, page 380)

Question 33

Shaman

Answer 33

a priest or priestess regarded as having the ability to communicate directly with the spiritual world (See Chapter 3.1, page 369)

Question 34

Stencil

Answer 34

a perforated template allowing ink or paint to pass through to print a design (See Chapter 3.1, page 367)

Question 35

Stylized

Answer 35

art that represents objects in an exaggerated way to emphasize certain aspects of the object (See Chapter 3.1, page 373)

Question 36

Subject matter, subject

Answer 36

the person, object, or space depicted in a work of art (See Chapter 3.1, page 369)

Question 37

Three-dimensional

Answer 37

having height, width, and depth (See Chapter 3.1, page 382)

Question 38

Twisted perspective (also known as composite view)

Answer 38

a representation of a figure, part in profile and part frontally (See Chapter 3.1, page 379)