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physics paper 2 A > waves > Flashcards

waves Flashcards

transverse and longtitudinal

1
Q

what is an transversal wave

A

ocsillations are perpendicular to the direction of energy transfer

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2
Q

what is an longtitudinal wave

A

oscillations are parallel to the direction of energy transfer

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3
Q

what is an oscillation

A

A wave movement up or down

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4
Q

what direction are oscillations in a transverse wave

A

Perpendicular

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5
Q

what direction of oscillations in a longtitudinal wave

A

parallel

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6
Q

what is the equation for wavespeed

A

wavespeed equals frequency times wavelength

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7
Q

What is a wavelength

A

distance between the same points on two consecutive waves

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8
Q

What is an amplitude

A

distance from the middle line to the maximum displacement , crest or trough

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9
Q

What is frequency

A

the amount of waves that pass a single point per second

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10
Q

What is a period

A

the time taken for each point to completely pass a single point

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11
Q

An increase in frequency….

A

velocity increase

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12
Q

wavelength increases…

A

velocity increases

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13
Q

2 Types of transverse waves

A

. Electromagnetic wave
. Seismic-s waves

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14
Q

2 Types of longtitudinal waves

A

.Sound waves
. Seismic=p waves

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15
Q

What are the two types of a longtitudinal wave called

A

. rarefractions and Compressions

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16
Q

What does a wave transfer

A

Energy

17
Q

What word is used to describe when a wave bounces off a surface

A

Reflection

18
Q

What type of spectrum do electromagnetic waves form

A

A countinous spectrum

19
Q

Order the types of electromagnetic radiation from lowest to highest frequency

A

Radiowaves
Microwaves
Infrared
Visible light
Ultraviolet
X-rays
Gamma-rays

20
Q

How do the speeds of electromagnetic radiation differ in a vaccum and in air

A

Electromagnetic radiation all travel at the same speed in a vaccum and in air

21
Q

In which directions do waves refract when entering a denser medium

A

They bend towards the normal
The angle of refraction is less than the angle of incidence

22
Q

In hospital gamma rays are used to…

A

.Preform medical treatment
. Treat cancer

23
Q

What health affects can ultra violet waves cause…

A

. Causes skin to age prematurely
. Increase risk of developing skin cancer

24
Q

What health affects can x-rays and gamma-rays cause…

A

. They are both ionising radiations, so can cause mutations in genes
. They can lead to increase risks of catching various cancers

25
Q

GIve three practical uses for infrared radiation

A

.Electrical heaters
.cooking food
.infrared cameras

26
Q

Give three practical uses for Microwave radiation

A

. Sattelite communications
.Cooking food

27
Q

Give two practical uses for radio waves

A

. television transmission
. Radio broadcasts

28
Q

What is used to transmit data really quickly over any large distances , UV light

A

Optical fibres

29
Q

X-rays,gamma-rays,UV lights are all…

A

.Ionising radiation
.Can cause us harm and damage are cells

30
Q

In a hospital gamma rays are used for..

A

.medical treatments

31
Q

What do all bodies (objects) emit and absorb

A

infrared radiation

32
Q

what happens to the quantity of infrared radiation emitted by an object as temperature increases

A

The hotter the object,the more infrared radiaition it will emit.

33
Q

What is a perfect black body

A

An object that absorbs all of the radiation that is on it.

34
Q

Why is black body the best possible emitter of radiation

A

.It absorbs all radiation on it
.A perfect absorber of radiation is also a perfect emitter

35
Q

Other than the intensity of radiation emitted , how does increasing the temperature of an object effect its emissions

A

The wavelength and intensity of any emission is dependant on the objects temperature

36
Q

what is a sound wave

A

A wave of compression and rarefraction by which sound is propagated in an elastic medium such as air.

37
Q

What is a light wave

A

physics paper 2 A (4 decks)

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