Vocabulary of perception – Neologic borrowings from Ancient Greek Flashcards
1
Q
Aisthesis (αἴσθησις) – feeling, sensation, perception - 8
A
- anesthetic, anesthesia
loss of feeling
medical Latin, Greek anaisthēsia (want of feeling or perception, lack of sensation
from an- (without) + aisthēsis (feeling) (root au- - to perceive)
anesthesia - the use of medicines to prevent pain during surgery and other procedures
anesthetic - any agent that produces a local or general loss of sensation, including pain - aesthetic, aesthetically
related to beauty
from aisthetikos (perceptible) - aesthete - person of advanced and fine artistic sensibilities
- aestheticism - devotion to what is sensuously beautiful
- synaesthesia, synesthesia
sensation in one part of the body produced by stimulus in another
from Greek syn- (together) + aisthēsis (feeling) (root au- - to perceive) + abstract noun ending -ia - hyperaesthesia
exalted sensation
from hyper- (over, exceedingly, to excess) + Greek aisthēsis (feeling) (root au- - to perceive) + abstract noun ending -ia - kinesthesia, kinaesthesia
the sense of muscular movement
from Greek kinein (to set in motion, to move) (from root keie- - to set in motion) + aisthēsis (perception) - paraesthesia, paresthesia
abnormal sensation, hallucination of the senses
from para- (disordered) + Greek aisthēsis (perception, feeling) (root au- - to perceive) + abstract noun ending -ia
2
Q
Kallos (κάλλος) - beauty; kalos (καλός) – beautiful - 3
A
- calligraphy - the art of beautiful writing, elegant penmanship
- kaleidoscope
optical instrument creating and exhibiting, by reflection, a variety of beautiful colors and symmetrical forms
from Greek kalos (beautiful, beauteous) + eidos (shape) + -scope - calisthenics, calisthenics
kind of light gymnastics
Greek kallos (beauty) + sthenos (strength, power, ability, might) (root segh- - to have, hold) + -ics
3
Q
Phainein (φαίνειν) - to bring to light, make appear; Phantazein (φαντάζειν) - to make visible, display - 9
A
- phantom
illusion, unreality
from Greek phantasma (image, phantom, apparition) - fantasy
illusory appearance
from Greek phantasia (power of imagination, image, perception), from phantazesthai (picture to oneself), from phantos (visible), from phainesthai (appear) - fancy - inclination, liking
- diaphanous
transmitting light, transparent
from Greek diaphanes (transparent) – dia (through) + phainestai - cellophane
flexible, transparent product made from regenerated cellulose
from cellulose + connective o + -phane - epiphany
festival of the manifestation of Christ to the gentiles
from epiphainein (to manifest, display, show off), from epi (on, to) + phainein (to show) - phase
phase of the moon, particular recurrent appearance presented by the moon at a particular time
from Greek phasis (appearance of a star), from stem of phainein (to show, to make appear) - emphasis
intensity of expression
from Greek emphainein (to present, exhibit, display), from assimilated form of en (in) + phainein (to show) - phenomenon
a fact directly observed, a thing that appears or is perceived, an occurrence
from Greek phainomenon (that which appears or is seen), noun use of neuter present participle of phainesthai (to appear), passive of phainein (cause to appear, show)
4
Q
Crypto-, -crypt (κρυπτός) – hidden - 6
A
- cryptogram – created by the substitution of letters or words for numbers or symbols
- to decrypt – to change electronic information that was written in code back into a form that you can understand and use normally
- cryptocurrency – digital money that doesn’t require a bank or financial institution to verify transactions and can be used for purchases or as an investment
- crypto-communist – a secret support for, or admiration of, communism
- apocrypha
the apocryphal books of the Bible, book(s) of unknown authorship
from Greek apokryphos (hidden, obscure, hard to understand), from apo (off, away) + kryptein (to hide) - crypt
grotto, cavern
from Greek krypte (vault, crypt), fem. of kryptos (hidden), verbal adjective from kryptein (to hide)
5
Q
Micro- (μικρο-) – small; macro- (μακρο-) – long; mega (μέγα) - big, large - 10
A
- microbe – a living thing that is too small to be seen with the naked eye
- microphone – a device that converts sound waves into an electrical signal
- microfilm – a mechanical process by which anything drawn, written, or printed can be photographed and reduced in size—often to just 1 percent of the original—onto strips of film
- microscopic – can be seen with a microscope
- macrobiotic – a holistic, plant-based way of life, based on dynamic and flexible choices of nutrition, activity, and lifestyle, aimed for better physical, emotional, mental, social, and environmental health
- macroscopic – large enough to be seen without using a microscope
- macron – a symbol (ˉ) written or printed above a vowel to show that it is pronounced with a long sound
- megalith – a large stone that has been used to construct a prehistoric structure or monument, either alone or together with other stones
- megaphone – a device used to amplify sound, particularly human voice, over a larger area
- megalomania - someone who has an unnaturally strong wish for power and control, or thinks that they are much more important and powerful than they really are
6
Q
Baros (βάρος) – weight - 3
A
- baryton – a bowed string instrument similar to the viol, but distinguished by an extra set of plucked strings
- barometer – a scientific instrument used to measure atmospheric pressure, also called barometric pressure
- isobar - lines on a map that pass through areas with the same pressure
7
Q
Bathos (βάθος) – depth - 2
A
- bathos
ludicrous anticlimax, a descent from the sublime to the ridiculous
from Greek bathos (depth), related to bathys (deep) - bathyscaphe
diving apparatus for reaching great depths
from Greek bathys (deep) + skaphē (light boat, skiff)
8
Q
Brady (βραδύς) – slow - 1
A
- bradycardia - a slower than normal heart rate
9
Q
Tachy (ταχύς) – fast - 1
A
- tachycardia - the medical term for a heart rate over 100 beats a minute
10
Q
Thermo (θερμός) – heat - 6
A
- thermometer – an instrument that measures temperature
- thermodynamics – the study of the relations between heat, work, temperature, and energy
- thermal – of, relating to, or caused by heat
- thermostat – the controls used to regulate temperature in a heating system
- thermonuclear – of, relating to, or employing transformations in the nuclei of atoms of low atomic weight that require a very high temperature for their inception
- thermosphere - a layer of Earth’s atmosphere that is directly above the mesosphere and below the exosphere
11
Q
Sklero (σκληρός) – hard - 3
A
- sclerosis – pathological hardening of tissue especially from overgrowth of fibrous tissue or increase in interstitial tissue
- sclerotic – of, relating to, or affected with sclerosis
- atherosclerosis - thickening or hardening of the arteries caused by a buildup of plaque in the inner lining of an artery
12
Q
Chrom (χρῶμα) – colour - 3
A
- polychrome – practice of decorating architectural elements, sculpture, etc., in a variety of colors
- chromium – a steely-gray, lustrous, hard metal that takes a high polish and has a high melting point
- chromosome
threadlike structures made of protein and a single molecule of DNA that serve to carry the genomic information from cell to cell
from Greek khrōma (color) + -soma
13
Q
Chloro (χλωρός) – green - 4
A
- chlorine – a yellow-green gas at room temperature
- chlorophyll – a pigment that gives plants their green color
- chloroform – an organic and highly volatile compound that is produced both naturally and industrially
- chloric - a crystalline fatty acid derived from the oils of rapeseed, mustard seed, and wallflower seed
14
Q
Eryth-, erythro- (ἐρυθρός) – red - 2
A
- erythema
redness of the skin caused by injury or another inflammation-causing condition
from Greek erythema (a redness on the skin, a blush), from erythainein (to become red), from erythros (red) - erythrocytes - a type of blood cell that is made in the bone marrow and found in the blood
15
Q
Leuc-/leuco- (λευκός) – white - 1
A
- leukemia
progressive blood disease characterized by abnormal accumulation of leucocytes
from Greek leukos (clear, white) + haima (blood)
