Vocab set 1

Question 1

Compound

Answer 1

Pure substance with unique properties; formed when 2 or more elements combine

Question 2

Catalyst

Answer 2

Substance that speeds up a chemical reaction by reducing the activation energy

Question 3

Enzyme

Answer 3

Protein that speeds up a biological reaction by lowering the activation energy needed to start the reaction

Question 4

Solute

Answer 4

Substance dissolved in a solvent

Question 5

Amino Acid

Answer 5

Carbon compound joined by peptide bonds; building block of protein

Question 6

Lipid

Answer 6

Hydrophobic biological molecule composed mostly of carbon and hydrogen

Question 7

Compound

Answer 7

Pure substance with unique properties; formed when 2 or more elements combine

Question 8

Ion

Answer 8

Atom that is charged either positively or negatively because it has lost or gained one or more electrons

Question 9

Molecule

Answer 9

Compound whose atoms are held together by covalent bonds

Question 10

Activation Energy

Answer 10

Minimum amount of energy needed for reactants to form products in a chemical reaction

Question 11

Substrate

Answer 11

Reactant to which an enzyme binds to

Question 12

Acid

Answer 12

Substance that releases hydrogen ions when dissolved in water; an acidic solution has a pH less than 7

Question 13

Base

Answer 13

Substance that releases hydroxide ions when dissolved in water; an acidic solution has a pH more than 7

Question 14

Buffer

Answer 14

Mixture that can react with an acid or a base to maintain the pH within a specific range

Question 15

Solvent

Answer 15

Substance in which another substance is dissolved

Question 16

Solution

Answer 16

Homogeneous mixture formed when a substance is dissolved in another solution

Question 17

Carbohydrate

Answer 17

Organic compound containing carbon hydrogen, and oxygen in a ratio of one oxygen and two hydrogen atoms for each carbon atom

Question 18

Macromolecule

Answer 18

Large molecule formed by joining smaller organic molecules together

Question 19

Nucleic Acid

Answer 19

Complex macromolecule that stores and communicates genetic information

Question 20

Nucleotide

Answer 20

A subunit of nucleic acid formed from a simple sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base

Question 21

Protein

Answer 21

Organic compound made of amino acid joined by peptide bonds; primary building block of organism’s