vocab 21-40

Question 1

Anaphora

Answer 1

In writing or speech, the deliberate repetition of the first part of the sentence in order to achieve an artistic effect is known as anaphora. Anaphora, possibly the oldest literary device, has its roots in Biblical Psalms used to emphasize certain words or phrases.

Question 2

Epistrophe

Answer 2

Epistrophe is derived from a greek word that means turning upon, which indicates the same word returning at the end of each sentence. It is a stylistic device that can be defined as the repetition of phrases or words at the end of the clauses or sentences. It is also called epiphora. Epistrophe examples are frequently found in literary pieces, in persuasive writing and speeches.

Question 3

Asyndeton

Answer 3

Derived from a greek word, asyndeton means unconnected. It is a stylistic device used in literature and poetry to intentionally eliminate conjunctions between phrases and in the sentence, yet maintain the grammatical accuracy. This literary tool helps in reducing the indirect meaning of the phrase and presents it in a concise form. Asyndeton helps in speeding up the rhythm of words. Mostly this technique is employed in speech but can be used in written works too.

Question 4

Polysyndeton

Answer 4

Comes from a greek term meaning “bound together”. It makes use of coordinating conjunctions like and, or, but, and nor (but mostly and + nor) to join succesive words, phrases or clauses in such a way that these conjunctions may be used where they might have been omitted.

Question 5

Synecdoche

Answer 5

Synecdoche is a literary device in which a part of something represents the whole or a whole is used to represent a part. Distinguishing between this and metonymy often take some thoughtful consideration.
The term coke is a common synecdoche for all soda

Question 6

Tone

Answer 6

Tone, in written composition, is an attitude of a writer toward a subject or an audience. It is something important for the reader to sense to determine an argument. Tone is generally conveyed through choice of words or the viewpoint of the writer on a particular subject.

Question 7

Process Analysis

Answer 7

A step-by-step breakdown of the phases of a process, used to convey the details of each phase of thinking, an operation, etc. It is often used to improve the understanding and also to breakdown an argument to make it more comprehensible.

Question 8

Syntax

Answer 8

Syntax is a set of rules in language. It dictates how words from different parts of speech are put together in order to convey a complete thought. In plain english, “syntax” refers to HOW we choose to arrange our words. The choice of those specific words is called diction. Thus, the two are closely related in creating an argument.

Question 9

Provocative diction

Answer 9

“diction” is our choice of words. Thus, “provocative diction” is the purposeful choice of words serving or tending to provoke, excite, or stimulate a provocative question that will frame a rhetorical argument.

Question 10

Classification

Answer 10

the action or process of classifying something according to shared qualities or characteristics. This is often a strategy of argumentative response in an effort to provide the reader with structure to YOUR argument. It would be considered a support to both LOGOS and ETHOS in presenting an argument.

Question 11

Understatement

Answer 11

Opposite of hyperbole or overstatement. Suppose you win 10 million dollars from the lottery, then in the interview tell the reporter “ I am delighted”, you are making an understatement

Question 12

Colorful Diction

Answer 12

Diction is your conscious choice of words as a writer. It stands to reason that “Colorful Diction” is a very purposeful word choice that will serve to accentuate meaning and tone

Question 13

Counterargument

Answer 13

an argument or set of reasons put forward to oppose an idea or theory developed in another argument. When writing in the argumentative mode, it is mandatory that the writer acknowledge the “other” side to hear his or her argument. It is part of the refutation of someone elses claim to support your own side of the argument that you are making

Question 14

Claim

Answer 14

If somebody gives an argument to support his/her position, it is called making a claim. Different reasons are usually presented to prove why a certain point should be accepted as logical. A general model is given below to explain the steps following in making a claim.

Question 15

Evidence

Answer 15

type of literary device that appears in different categories of essays and theses in the form of paraphrase and quotations. It is presented to persuade the readers and used with powerful arguments in the texts of essays. In rhetoric, when a person makes a claim or presents an argument, he needs to present evidence in support of his claim or argument. If there is no evidence, a claim stands quashed

Question 16

Warrant

Answer 16

A warrant is the glue that holds an argument together. It links the evidence to the claim. It says something like “This evidence supports the claim because..” and it is always in a similar form that is more of a statement of support of “why” your evidence supports your assertation/claim.

Question 17

Fallacy

Answer 17

erroneous argument dependent upon an unsound or illogical contention. There are many fallacy examples to be found in everyday conversation.

Question 18

Logical Fallacy

Answer 18

a pattern of reasoning/thinking rendered invalid by a flaw in its logical structure that can neatly be expressed in a standard logic system, for example propositional logic. An argument that is formally fallacious is always considered wrong.

Question 19

Prophecy

Answer 19

has all the elements of a prediction, except time. It is more closely related to religion since there is uncertainty about time.

Question 20

Prediction

Answer 20

An assumption made after calculating and evaluating the odds to predict the future. Prediction is limited to a time element