vital signs

Question 1

heat production

Answer 1

metabolism
hormones
shivering
vasoconstriction
piloerection

Question 2

heat loss

Answer 2

radiation
convection
evaporation
conduction

Question 3

nursing interventions for fever

Answer 3

*anti-pyretic meds - to help decrease thermostat (Tylenol)
*monitor VS, I&O, lab results
*monitor mental status
*provide increased oral intake
*oral hygiene
*cool bath, packs, cooling blanket

Question 4

bradycardia

Answer 4

normally slower during sleep
hypothermia
athletes
medications
vagal stimulation
suctioning
severe pain
increased intracranial pressure.
myocardial infarction

Question 5

tachycardia

Answer 5

heart rate is too fast
decreased BP
elevated temp
decreased oxygenation of blood
exercise
pain
emotions
medications

Question 6

S1

Answer 6

“Lub”
lower pitched
mitral & tricuspid valves closing
heard during systole

Question 7

S2

Answer 7

“dub”
less prominent
aortic & pulmonic valves closing
heard during diastole

Question 8

dysrhythmia

Answer 8

irregularity of the rhythm

Question 9

apical pulse

Answer 9

located at the apex of the heart

Question 10

pulse deficit

Answer 10

difference between apical and radial pulses
not all beats are getting through to the periphery

Question 11

pulmonary ventilation

Answer 11

air going in and out of the lungs

Question 12

external respiration

Answer 12

the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the alveoli in the lungs

Question 13

internal respiration

Answer 13

O2 and CO2 in the cells and tissues

Question 14

eupnea

Answer 14

normal respirations

Question 15

tachypnea

Answer 15

fast respiratory rate

Question 16

bradypnea

Answer 16

slow respiratory rate

Question 17

apnea

Answer 17

no breathing

Question 18

dyspnea

Answer 18

difficulty breathing

Question 19

orthopnea

Answer 19

difficulty breathing laying down

Question 20

systolic pressure

Answer 20

maximum amount of force against the walls during contraction

Question 21

diastolic pressure

Answer 21

the lowest amount of pressure against the walls during relaxation

Question 22

pulse pressure

Answer 22

difference between systolic number and diastolic number

Question 23

peripheral resistance

Answer 23

arterial stretch and recoil
amount of pressure and resistance the heart has to pump against

Question 24

hypertension

Answer 24

high blood pressure primary - without a known cause
secondary- cause

Question 25

hypotension

Answer 25

below normal blood pressure

Question 26

orthostatic hypotension

Answer 26

low BP when moving to upright position