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Diagnostic Micro(dylan) > Virology > Flashcards

Virology Flashcards

1
Q

obligate intracellular pathogens are known as

A

viruses

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2
Q

when is a common cold contagious?

A

first 2-3 days of displaying symptoms

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3
Q

what is the initial classifications of viruses based on?

A

nucleic acid composition.

-RNA Vs. DNA

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4
Q

T or F most viruses are known by the classification given by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses.

A

F

-most are known by common names

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5
Q

T or F

some species viruses are not linked to an order or family

A

T

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6
Q

T or F

All species of viruses are linked to an order or family

A

F

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7
Q

term meaning: having a limited number of hosts that viruses can infect and survive in is ?

A

Tropism

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8
Q

refers to a major change within the genetic structure of a virus?

A

Antigenic shift

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9
Q

refers to the minor changes in genetic structur that occur during replication and therefor can occur all the time

A

Antigenic drift

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10
Q

antigenic___ is responsible for the need for seasonal influenza vaccine.

A

Drift

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11
Q

Can viruses self replicate?

what is a virus particle called?

A
  • no

- Virion

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12
Q

The protein coat enclosing genetic material is called the___

A

Genome

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13
Q

Genome and the Capsid make up the ___

A

Nucleocapsid

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14
Q

repeating structural subunits that actually make up the protein capsid of the virus.

A

Capsomeres

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15
Q

T or F
Viruses with envelopes are prone to drying.

There for they are ___in the environment?

A

T

-DO NOT do well in the environment.

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16
Q

T or F

Glycoprotein spikes on surfaces of viruses can vary year to year

A

T

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17
Q

what mode of infection is the most common route for viral infection?

A

Inhalation

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18
Q

viral recognition to limited number of host cells – infect only certain tissues.

A

Tropism

19
Q

during this process the virus relases viral genome into the host cell

A

uncoating

20
Q

Type or proteins that are nonstructural, usually enzymes - allows rapid identification using immunologic techniques (fluorescence).

A

Early proteins

21
Q

type of proteins that are structural

A

late proteins

22
Q

Influenzae virus can be detected in cell culture using _____

A

hemadsoption

23
Q

how do we detect viruses in the lab?

A

fluorescent microscopy, enzyme immunoassays and PCR

24
Q

Review table 65-1 pg. 792

A

ok

25
Q

What are the viral specimen source sites?

A

pretty much everything

26
Q

for Throat, Nasopharyngeal swabs or nasopharyngeal aspirates, ___swabs are not acceptable. why?

A

calcium alginate swabs

-because they interfere with PCR and fluorescent antibody tests

27
Q

T or F
Viral specimens should be processed immediately upon receipt in the lab

if a delays are greater that __hours, how should the specimen be stored?

A

T

  • 48 hrs
  • 80 degrees
28
Q

Viral cell culture tubes are inoculated with___to __microLiters of specimens

A

200-400

29
Q

What are some common cells used for viral detection?

A

Human diploid fibroblast, Human epidermoid, primary monkey kidney

30
Q

what should be included on the requisition for virus specimens?
-what if the virsus poses a potential threat to healthcare workers?

A

specimen type, the virus that is suspected, and the date and time of collection.

-then the requisition should indicate SARS (Sever acute respiratory syndrome)

31
Q

what is different about the Universal transport Swabs by BD that makes them safe to use for Throat, and Nasopharyngeal?

A

polyester based

32
Q

what has lead to a greater detection of viruses ?

A
  • molecular detection techniques,

- PCR and DNA probes w/ fluorescent tags

33
Q

virus that is part of the TORCH complex see classic “owl eye inclusions” in lung pneumocyte.

A

CMV

34
Q

main means of viral detection until mid 1970’s

A

serology

35
Q

is MALDI-TOF useful for detecting viruses?

A

yes, some

36
Q

steps of viral replication cycle

A
  • attachment
  • pentetration and uncoating
  • Macromolecule synthesis and assembly
  • release
37
Q

drugs that target penetration and uncoating of influenz-A ?

A

Amantadine, rimantadine

38
Q

double stranded DNA viruses that lack an envelope include:

A
  • adenoviruses
  • Papillomavirus
  • HBV
39
Q

Double stranded DNA virus
Associated with outbreaks of Keratoconjunctivitis

what is Keratoconjunctivitis?

A
  • adenovirus

- pink eye

40
Q

an example of an Adrenovirus that causes Hemorrhagic fever and shock

A

lassa fever virus

41
Q

taxonomically heterogenous group of arthropod borne viruses

A

Arbovirus

42
Q

Arboviruses are contained within several different taxonomic families:

A

Bunyaviridae, Togaviridae, Flaviviridae (includes dengue fever, West Nile virus).

43
Q

humans contract via inhalation or aerosols from rodent/bat excrement

A

Arenaviruses

Diagnostic Micro(dylan) (2 decks)

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