VARIATIONS IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Question 1

________ provide the raw materials needed by the organism for it to survive in the ever-changing environmental conditions

Answer 1

variations

Question 2

There are 2 major causes of variations. The variation in phenotype caused by differences in the genetic makeup among individuals is termed ___________ while the variation in phenotype caused by differences in environment among individuals is termed ____________.

Answer 2

genotypic variance
environmental variance

Question 3

The variations that make all organisms unique on its own can be classified into 4:

Answer 3

1. Morphological
2. Physiological
3. Behavioral
4. Sexual.

Question 4

Objectives of Lab Act 1

Answer 4

1. Differentiate the varied types of variations in living organisms;
2. Illustrate some variations on plant and animal specimens; and
3. Show appreciation of how variations make an individual unique among the rest.

Question 5

Behavioral traits examples

Answer 5

Disorders
Intelligence
Personality

Question 6

Physiological traits examples

Answer 6

Blood groups
Metabolism
Hormonal levels

Question 7

determines the developmental potential of the organism

Answer 7

genotype

Question 8

Scientific name of Banana

Answer 8

Musa spp.

Question 9

Scientific name of Mayana

Answer 9

Coleus spp.

Solenostemon scutellarioides

Question 10

Scientific name of Gumamela

Answer 10

Hibiscus spp.

Question 11

Phylum of Dragonfly

Answer 11

Arthropoda

Question 12

Phylum of Snails

Answer 12

Mollusca

Question 13

Sexual traits

Answer 13

Sexual dimorphism
Reproductive organs
Diseases

Question 14

What is variation?

Answer 14

Variations are differences in DNA sequences that distinguish one organism from another.

Question 15

What is the importance of variation

Answer 15

Allow a species to adapt to its environment and help prevent extinction.

Question 16

What are the possible causes of genetic variation?

Answer 16

mutations = changing the genes of individuals within a population

gene flow (recombination, gene migration) = new individuals with different gene combinations enter a population

sexual reproduction = encourages diverse gene combinations

Question 17

How would you know or identify if the cause of variation is genetic, environmental, or both?

Answer 17

through family and twin studies

quantitative trait analysis can measure the extent to which genetic and environmental factors contribute to trait variation

Question 18

What are phenocopies? Give at least 3 examples

Answer 18

phenotypic trait that resembles the trait expressed by a specific genotype, but in a subject who is not a carrier of that genotype

rickets = genetic bone disorders due to vitamin D deficiency or lack of calcium

Severe sunburn = xeroderma pigmentosum

Thalidomide = , can cause birth defects that resemble genetic disorders like phocomelia

Question 19

Differentiate continuous and discontinuous variation in species

Answer 19

Continuous variation = range of values without distinct categories; quantitative

Discontinuous variation = distinct categories with no intermediates; qualitative