Urologic Cancer Flashcards
Common Type of Kidney cancer
renal cell carcinoma 85%
risk factors for kidney cancer 5
Smoking* - #1 risk factor
Obesity*
Age – as we get older
Male
Genetics – family hx increases risk
prognosis if kidney cancer metastasizes
Usually not found until cancer has traveled to distance site. If cancer has metastasized about 10% survival 5 year
Clinical manifestations of renal cell carcinoma
EArly- none
Late -
CVA angle tenderness
Hematuria – cola appearance
Palpable abdominal mass
Symptoms R/T to metastases
dyspenic
cough
bone pain
Treatments of renal cell carcinoma
resistance to traditional chemo
surgery is usually required
bladder cancer =
Fourth most common cancer in men
urothelial carcinoma >90%
risk factors for bladder cancer
smoking
male
occupations with exposure to toxins
low fluid intake
clinical manifestations of bladder cancer
early - hematuria
later -
Frequency
Urgency
Dysuria
treatment for bladder cancer
Chemotherapy- depends on the stage!
Stage 1 = Intravesical chemo
Advanced stages = Systemic chemo
Intravesical Therapy Vaccine =
BCG Vaccine (6-12wees)
MOA of Intravesical therapy
stimulates a local inflammatory response
adverse effects of BCG
Bladder irritation!
Risk of systemic infection (Especially in immunocompromised)
patient instructions with intravesical therapy (BCG)
- empty bladder
- dwell time = 2 hours
- change positions q 15 minutes
safety precautions with intravesical therapy
No on immunocompromised, disinfect urine 6 hours after treatment
