urinary system general

Question 1

Mineral salt of the body that carries an electrical charge and regulates nerve impulses, muscle contraction, hydration, and blood pH

Answer 1

electrolyte

Question 2

Fluid that passes from the blood through the capillary walls of the glomeruli into Bowman capsule

Answer 2

filtrate

Question 3

Product of protein metabolism that includes urea, uric acid, creatine, creatinine, and ammonia

Answer 3

nitrogenous waste

Question 4

Sequence of rhythmic contraction of smooth muscles of a hollow organ to force material forward and prevent backflow

Answer 4

peristaltic wave

Question 5

Serous membrane that lines the abdominopelvic cavity and covers most of the organs within the cavity

Answer 5

peritoneum

Question 6

Symbol that expresses the alkalinity or acidity of a solution

Answer 6

pH

Question 7

Liquid portion of blood that is filtered by the nephrons to remove dissolved wastes

Answer 7

plasma

Question 8

hormone that acts on bone marrow to stimulate production of red blood cells when blood oxygen levels are low

Answer 8

erythropoietin

Question 9

location of the kidneys

what does this mean

Answer 9

retroperitoneal

outside of the peritoneum

Question 10

outer area of the kidney

Answer 10

renal cortex

Question 11

middle area of the kidney

Answer 11

renal medulla

Question 12

filtering units of the kidneys

Answer 12

nephrons

Question 13

opening where renal artery enters the kidney

Answer 13

hilum

Question 14

what vessel enters the kidney

what vessel exits the kidney

Answer 14

renal artery

renal vein

Question 15

hollow cavity in the kidney where ureter merges with kidney

Answer 15

renal pelvis

Question 16

slender tube that carries urine

Answer 16

ureter

Question 17

where does urine enter the bladder

Answer 17

ureteral orifice

Question 18

expandable hollow organ, acts as a temporary reservoir for urine

Answer 18

urinary bladder

Question 19

the two openings of the ureters and the urethra

where does this area lead to

Answer 19

trigone

the urethra

Question 20

small folds that expand in organs

Answer 20

rugae

Question 21

another term for urination

Answer 21

micturition

Question 22

opening in the urethra

Answer 22

urinary meatus

Question 23

what 2 things does each nephron contain

Answer 23

renal corpuscle

renal tubule

Question 24

tuft of capillaries that make up some of a renal corpuscle

Answer 24

glomerulus

Question 25

modified enlarged extension of the renal tubule

Answer 25

bowman capsule

Question 26

what carries blood to the glomerulus

what carries blood from the glomerulus

Answer 26

afferent arteriole

efferent arteriole

Question 27

what does the efferent arteriole pass behind the renal corpuscle to come

Answer 27

peritubular capillaries

Question 28

what is the order that things pass through the nephron

Answer 28

proximal convoluted tubule

loop of henle

distal tubule

collecting tubule

Question 29

what occurs in the renal corpuscle as water, electrolytes, sugar, and other small molecules in blood plasma in the afferent tubule pass into the Bowman capsule to form filtrate

Answer 29

filtration

Question 30

what begins as filtrate travels through the long, twisted pathway of the tubule

Answer 30

reabsorption

Question 31

what is the final stage of urine “formation”

Answer 31

secretion