URETERS

Question 1

Transports urine from the kidneys to the bladder
* continuous with the Renal Pelvis at which junction?
* Position in the Peritoneum

Answer 1

Ureters
* Uteropelvic Junction
* Retroperitoneum

Question 2

Pathway of the Ureter

Answer 2

1. Commences at L2
2. Descends retroperitoneal
3. Enters True Pelvis by crossing the Pelvic Brim @ the Sacroiliac Joint
4. Enters the Posterlateral corners of the bladder, runs medially before entering the bladders interios

Question 3

What is the significance of the ureter’s oblique entry to the bladder

Answer 3

To prevent urine from flowing back

Question 4

At which parts can you find the 3 anatomical constrictions of the Ureters

Answer 4

1.** Uteropelvic Junction**
2. Where ir crosses the Pelvic Brim
3. Where it enters the Bladder

Question 5

Where do urinary stones usually gets lodged into?

Answer 5

At the 3 constrictions
* More Specific: Most Distal Constriction => Where the ureter enters the bladder wall

Question 6

Blood Supply and Venous Drainage of the Ureter
* Upper Segment:
* Middle Segment:
* Lower Segment:

Answer 6

• Upper Segment: Renal a & v
• Middle Segment: Abdominal Aorta , Gonadal a & v (Testicular/Ovarian), Common Iliac a & v
• Lower Segment: **Internal Iliac a & v **

Question 7

Nerve Supply of the Ureters
* Visceral Efferent:
* Visceral Afferent:
* Referred Pain Locations

Answer 7

Renal, Aortic, Superior & Inferior Hypogastric Plexuses
* Visceral Efferent: SNS & PSNS
* Visceral Afferent: T11 - L2
* Referred Pain Locations:
1. Pos & Lat Abdominal Wall, below the ribs & above the Iliac Crest
2. Pubic Region
3. Scrotum / Labia Majora
4. Proximal Thigh

Question 8

Lymph Drainage of the Ureters
* Upper:
* Middle:
* Lower:

Answer 8

• Upper: Lateral Aortic Nodes
• Middle: Common Iliac Lymph Nodes
• Lower: External & Internal Iliac Lymph Nodes