Untitled Deck

Question 1

Who was Mithridates II of Parthia?

Answer 1

Mithridates II (124–91 BC) was the first Parthian to establish friendly relations with Rome.

Question 2

What significant event occurred during Phraates III’s reign?

Answer 2

Phraates III (c. 70–57 BC) restored order to Parthia and negotiated a treaty with Pompey, which Pompey reneged on.

Question 3

What was Orodes II known for?

Answer 3

Orodes II (57–37 BC) was a Parthian king whose general Surena defeated Crassus at Carrhae in 53 BC.

Question 4

What happened to Orodes II after the death of his son Pacorus?

Answer 4

After Pacorus died at the Battle of Mount Gindarus, Orodes relinquished his throne to his other son Phraates IV.

Question 5

Who was Phraates IV?

Answer 5

Phraates IV (37–2 BC) was the son and successor to Orodes II, known for a protracted war against usurper Tiridates II.

Question 6

What notable action did Phraataces take during his reign?

Answer 6

Phraataces (2 BC–4 AD) allowed Gaius Caesar to install Ariobarzanes on the Armenian throne in 1 BC.

Question 7

What was Artabanus II/III’s challenge during his reign?

Answer 7

Artabanus II/III (12 AD–c.40 AD) tried to install his son on the Armenian throne but was preoccupied with Tiberius’s actions.

Question 8

Who succeeded Gotarzes?

Answer 8

Vologeses (51–78 AD) succeeded Gotarzes after a brief crisis of succession.

Question 9

What was Pacorus II’s legacy?

Answer 9

Pacorus II (78–110 AD) had a brother named Chosroes and two sons, leading to a succession crisis after his death.

Question 10

What sparked Trajan’s intervention during Chosroes’s reign?

Answer 10

Chosroes (109–116, 117–129 AD) deprived Parthamasiris of the throne, prompting Trajan’s campaigns.

Question 11

Who was Vologeses III?

Answer 11

Vologeses III (147–191 AD) fought against Lucius Verus’s generals Avidius Cassius and Statius Priscus.

Question 12

What conflict did Vologeses IV instigate?

Answer 12

Vologeses IV (191–208 AD) instigated a war with Septimius Severus by aiding Pescennius Niger.

Question 13

What was Artabanus IV/V’s response to Caracalla’s proposal?

Answer 13

Artabanus IV/V (213–224 AD) refused Caracalla’s proposal to marry his daughter, leading to military expeditions.

Question 14

Who was Tigranes II?

Answer 14

Tigranes II (99–55 BC) was a ruler of Armenia who married Cleopatra of Pontus, solidifying an alliance.

Question 15

What was Artavasdes II’s fate?

Answer 15

Artavasdes II (55–34 BC) supported Marc Antony but was captured and executed by Cleopatra.

Question 16

What did Artaxes II do in response to his father’s death?

Answer 16

Artaxes/Artaxias II (34–20 BC) avenged his father’s death by massacring Roman citizens in Armenia.

Question 17

Who was Tigranes III?

Answer 17

Tigranes III (20–c.6 BC) was a Roman vassal in Armenia set up by Tiberius.

Question 18

What was the significance of Ariobarzanes of Armenia?

Answer 18

Ariobarzanes (1 BC–?) was installed as monarch of Armenia by Gaius Caesar.

Question 19

Who was crowned by Germanicus?

Answer 19

Artaxes/Artaxias III (18–35 AD) was crowned king of Armenia by Germanicus.

Question 20

What happened to Mithridates of Armenia?

Answer 20

Mithridates (35–51? AD) was arrested by Caligula but reinstated by Claudius.

Question 21

Who usurped Mithridates’s throne?

Answer 21

Radamistus (51–52 AD) was the nephew of Mithridates who killed him and usurped his throne.

Question 22

What was the outcome of Tigranes V’s rule?

Answer 22

Tigranes V (c. 58–c. 61 AD) was installed as a Roman client king and led an attack on Atropatene.

Question 23

What was the significance of Axidares?

Answer 23

Axidares (110–113 AD) was made king of Armenia but was driven out by his brother Parthamasiris.

Question 24

What led to the annexation of Armenia?

Answer 24

Parthamasiris (113–114 AD) was deposed by Trajan, leading to the annexation of Armenia.

Question 25

Who was Aurelius Pacorus?

Answer 25

Aurelius Pacorus (161–163 AD) was installed as king of Armenia, sparking Avidius Cassius’s campaign East.

Question 26

What was Sohaemus’s role?

Answer 26

Sohaemus (163–180 AD) was installed as king after the ousting of Aurelius Pacorus.

Question 27

What treaty led to Tiridates II’s kingship?

Answer 27

Tiridates II (217–252 AD) was made king of Armenia due to a treaty between Artabanus and Macrinus.

Question 28

Who was Chosroes II of Armenia?

Answer 28

Chosroes II (252–258 AD) allied with Severus Alexander and was assassinated by Shapur I of Persia.

Question 29

What was Tiridates III known for?

Answer 29

Tiridates III (261–317 AD) converted Armenia to Christianity, making it the first state to adopt it as the official religion.

Question 30

Who was Antiochus I?

Answer 30

Antiochus I (c. 69–c. 39 BC) was a ruler of Commagene who safeguarded Roman interests on the upper Euphrates.

Question 31

What happened to Antiochus IV Epiphanes?

Answer 31

Antiochus IV Epiphanes was briefly installed and deposed after the annexation of Commagene in 17 AD.

Question 32

Who was Machares?

Answer 32

Machares (died 65 BC) was a son of Mithridates VI who rebelled against his father before committing suicide.

Question 33

What did Pharnaces II attempt during Caesar’s Civil War?

Answer 33

Pharnaces II (63–c. 45 BC) attempted to expand his kingdom into Asia Minor but was defeated at Zela.

Question 34

What was Asander’s role in the Crimea?

Answer 34

Asander (c. 45–17 BC) was a subordinate of Pharnaces who led a brief usurpation before being dethroned.

Question 35

Who ruled alongside Dynamis?

Answer 35

Asander (c. 45–17 BC) ruled alongside his wife Dynamis until his death.

Question 36

What was the significance of Dynamis?

Answer 36

Dynamis (c. 45–c. 8 AD) ruled alongside Asander and later as sole ruler of Crimea.

Question 37

Who was Polemo?

Answer 37

Polemo (17–8 BC) was a client ruler of Pontus who married Dynamis and co-ruled until his death.