Unit 4 Test- Ms.Cicco Flashcards
define wave
spreading a disturbance from one place to another
what do waves carry?
energy
define crest
point of maximum displacement on a wave
define trough
points on minimum displacement on a wave
define amplitude
the distance between crest or trough
define frequency
the number of waves that are produced in a certain amount of time
define wavelength
the distance between 2 waves
how does frequency change the sound we hear?
Higher frequency= louder sounds
Lower frequency=softer sound
How does amplitude change the sound we hear?
higher amplitude=higher sounds
lower amplitude= softer sound
what causes an echo?
reflection of sound waves on hard surface or soft surafce
what media do sound waves move the fastest through?
Solid/hot substances because molecules ina solid are tightly compacted
On a hot day would it be best to wear a black or white t-shirt?
White because white bounces off all color waves and black absorbs color waves
what is the difference between electromagnetic waves and mechanical waves?
electromagnetic waves are transverse or longitudinal and travel out from the source
What is the Doppler Effect?
an increase or decrease of pitch determined by waves
How is the electromagnetic scale organized
Frequency
What part of the EMS spectrum can humans see?
Visible light/color
What are the colors of the visible light spectrum highest to lowest frequency?
Red Orange Yellow Green Blue Indigo Violet (ROY G. BIV)
The definition of Reflection, a sound example, and light example
Definition: Light wave bounces back after striking a barrier
Sound Example: Echo
Light Example: Mirror
The definition of Refraction, a sound example and light example
Definition: The bending of a wave as it pushes from one medium to another
Sound Example: Talking underwater
Light Example: Pencil in glass of water
The definition of Absorption, a sound example and light example
Definition: Opposite of reflection
Sound Example: Soft surfaces
Light Example: Color black
The definition of Diffraction, a sound example, and a light example
Definition: interference through a narrow opening
What causes a wave to refract?
Wave traveling from one medium to another
Why does an apple appear red?
All other colors are being absorbed while red is being reflected
What causes sound?
Vibrations
Which wave has a higher frequency? Short wavelength or long wavelength
short wavelength
What is the relationship between wavelength and frequency?
Shorter the wavelength, higher the frequency
define mass
a coherent, typically large body of matter with no definite shape
What is the difference between mass and weight?
weight can change mass will not
if you went to Jupiter, what would change about your mass and weight?
weight would change but not mass
two round obejcts are dropped rom a building at the same time (with air resistance) Which will land first? why?
The one with more mass because it has more gravitational pull
What to factors affect the force of gravity?
Mass and Distance
Why is there less gravity on the moon then there is on earth?
Moon has less mass
What is newton’s 1st law of motion?
an object at rest stays at rest an object in motion stays in motion unless acted upon an outside force
Define inertia
an object that refuses change
If I apply equal force to a small car and a large truck, which one will have the GREATEST change in motions? Why?
Small car because it has less mass and greater acceleration
define friction
a force that acts against motion
what’s the difference between speed and velocity?
speed is how fast something is going; velocity is speed in different directions
What is newton’s 2nd law of motion?
F=MxA
If equal force is applied to an elephant and a baby duck which will have the greatest change in motion? Why?
Baby duck because it has less mass
What is newton’s 3rd law of motion?
for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction
a fly strikes the windshield of a bus. Which of the 2 forces is greater: the force of the fly or the force of the bus?
Law 3; equal forces
A dog I walking at a constant speed of 4 m/s. how far will the dog travel in twenty minutes?
80 km
Formula: s= distance/time
What odes it mean for forces to be balanced? Unbalanced?
balanced: two equal forces acting upon opposite directions( not moving)
unbalanced: have unequal forced causing an object to move
What are the three signs an object is accelerating?
- speeding up
- slowing down
- changing direction
define frame/point of reference
frame: appears to move
point of reference: doesn’t appear moving
