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PSYCH > Unit/4 > Flashcards

Unit/4 Flashcards

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1
Q

Learning

A

Durable change in behavior/knowledge due to experience

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2
Q

Behaviorism

A

Human/animal behavior can be explained in terms of conditioning

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3
Q

Ivan Pavlov

A

Dog and bell

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4
Q

Classical conditioning

A

Learning to associate 2 stimuli to anticipate events

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5
Q

Neutral stimulus

A

No response before conditioning

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6
Q

Unconditioned stimulus

A

Naturally triggers response

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7
Q

Unconditioned response

A

Natural response to stimulus

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8
Q

Conditioned stimulus

A

What NS becomes after associated with US

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9
Q

Conditioned response

A

Same as unconditioned response

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10
Q

Acquisition

A

When neutral stimulus is associated with conditioned stimulus

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11
Q

Higher order conditioning

A

Connecting new stimulus to conditioned stimulus

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12
Q

Extinction

A

Diminishing of CR

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13
Q

Spontaneous recovery

A

Reappearance of CR after extinguished period

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14
Q

Generalization

A

Stimulus similar to CS gets similar response

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15
Q

Discrimination

A

ability to distinguish between CS and other stimuli

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16
Q

Watson “little Albert”

A

Tested on child to fear rat with loud sound
Child become afraid of anything white

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17
Q

Operant conditioning

A

Associating a response and its consequence

18
Q

Edward thorndikes law of effect

A

Rewarded behavior tends to reoccur

19
Q

B.F skinner

A

Revealed principles of behavior and control

20
Q

Shaping

A

Reinforcers guide behavior

21
Q

Reinforcing

A

Strengthens behavior it follows

22
Q

Positive reinforcement

A

Adding something to make person repeat

23
Q

Negative reinforcement

A

Avoiding something you don’t want

24
Q

Punishing stimulus

A

Weakens behavior

25
Q

Positive punishment

A

Adding bad stimulus to get rid of behavior

26
Q

Negative punishment

A

Taking away good stimulus to decrease bad behavior

27
Q

Over justification

A

Promising reward for doing what one already likes to do

28
Q

Schedules of reinforcement

A

How often organism is reinforced

29
Q

Fixed ratio

A

Reinforces behavior after set # of responses

30
Q

Fixed interval

A

Response after specific time has passed

31
Q

Variable ratio

A

Reinforced after unpredictable # of response

32
Q

Variable interval

A

Response not knowing when reinforcement will occur

33
Q

Observational learning

A

Learning by observing orbers

34
Q

Mirror neurons

A

Frontal lobe neurons that fire when perform action/observe

35
Q

Cognition in conditioning

A

Learning new behaviors by observing events, others, and language

36
Q

Latent learning

A

Learning isn’t apparent until event ovcurs

37
Q

Insight learning

A

Sudden realization of a problems solution

38
Q

Premack principle

A

Person will perform less desirable activity to get desired one

39
Q

Martin seligman

A

Theory of learned helplessness

40
Q

Learned helplessness

A

Inability to avoid aversive event

41
Q

Taste aversion

A

Don’t crave taste that got u sick in the past

PSYCH (5 decks)

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