UNIT 3 OUTCOME 3

Question 1

Biomedical model of health

Answer 1

focuses on the physical or biological aspects of disease and illness. It is the medical model of care practised by doctors and/or health professionals and is associated with the diagnosis, cure & treatment of disease.

Question 2

2 aspects of biomedical approach

Answer 2

Diagnosis: identification of the disease or illness through doctors observation of symptoms or through diagnostic tests. e.g. x-rays, scans and blood tests.

intervention: action taken to improve health. e.g. via medical treatment, hospitalization, prescription and surgery.

Question 3

advantages of biomedical

Answer 3

• creates advances in technology and research
• enables many common problems to be effectively treated.
• extends life expectancy

Question 4

disadvantages of biomedical

Answer 4

• relies on professional health workers and technology and therefore is costly
• it doesn’t always promote good health (quick fix)
• not every condition can be treated

Question 5

5 principles of social model of health

Answer 5

• address the broader determinants of health
• involves intersectoral collaboration
• acts to reduce social inequities
• empowers individual and communities
• acts to enable access to health care

Question 6

addresses the broader determinants of health

Answer 6

social, physical environmental and behavioural determinants of health.

Question 7

involves intersectoral collaboration

Answer 7

many government and non- government organisations and stakeholders have influence over the social and environmental determinants of health. some groups include; departments responsible for employment, service providers and manufacturers.

Question 8

acts to reduce social inequities

Answer 8

social factors that contribute to inequities in health status such as gender, culture, ses, access to health care and physical environment. reduce barriers ensuring no people are disadvantaged when it comes to health.

Question 9

empowers individuals and communities

Answer 9

individuals can participate in decision making about their health and feel as though they have a sense of power and control over the situation. empowering individuals and communities with health knowledge and skills means that they are in a position to make positive changes to their health.

Question 10

acts to enable access to health care

Answer 10

therefore many social factors that can impact on access to health care. some of these include cultural and language barriers, economics and geographical factors and education levels and they may be addressed.

Question 11

advantages of social model of health

Answer 11

• promotes good health and assists in preventing.
• promote wellbeing
• inexpensive

Question 12

disadvantages of social model of health

Answer 12

• not every condition can be prevented
• it doesnt promote the development of technology and medical knowledge
• doesnt address health concerns of individuals

Question 13

strategies of health promotion

Answer 13

advocate
enable
mediate

Question 14

advocate

Answer 14

refers to actions that seek to gain support from governments to make changes to improve the determinants of health for everyone. E.g. lobbying, public speaking. where they change the opinions of those who make our laws and policies

Question 15

enable

Answer 15

focuses on equality in health, by working with those of poorer health status, by ensuring they have resources to enable all people to achieve optimal health. access to health care and education.

Question 16

mediate

Answer 16

changes required in order to promote health, including funding and legislation to the physical and social environment. relates to helping resolve conflict and produce outcomes to promote health.

Question 17

the ottawa charter
BHPP
CSE
SCA
DPS
RHS

Answer 17

building a healthy public policy: gaining government support
creating a supportive environment: resources to support people in gaining health, campaigns.
strengthening community action: getting the public on board.
develop personal skills: give individuals knowledge and skills to improve their health.
reorient health services: invest money in research, time and money to focus on health conditions.

Question 18

values that underpin the health care system
C
R
E
A

Answer 18

Continuous: ability to provide action across programs and organisations. aims to increase communication across health professionals.
Responsive: treating people with respect includes privacy, ensuring the health system is client orientated.
Efficient: desired outcomes are achieved cost effectively, health care system needs to be resourceful.
Accessible: the ability to obtain health care at the right time & place irrespective of the income, background or location.

Question 19

values that underpin the health care system
S
E
S

Answer 19

Sustainable: provides infrastructure, facilities and equipment, responding to needs.
Effective: achieving desired outcomes in appropriate timeframe, tailored to the individual, highest standards
Safe: reduce levels of potential harm from healthcare management or environment in which healthcare is delivered.

Question 20

The victorian health promotion foundation (vic health)

Answer 20

vic health funds and works in partnership with organisations and communities to create opportunities for people to be informed about health, learn new skills and have greater access to healthy environments.

Question 21

Vic health mission statement

Answer 21

• in partnership with others promote good health
• promote fairness and opportunity for better health.
• seek to prevent chronic condition for all victorians

Question 22

Vic health strategies

Answer 22

• encourage regular physical activity (children walk to school and play, buying club equipment, training staff)
• prevent tobacco use ( invests $4 mil to reduce goes to quit vic and cancer council)
• promote healthy eating ( works with partnership to advertise and market healthy foods)
• prevent harm from alcohol ( sports programs, works with gov. and community to reduce harm)
• improve mental wellbeing ( implementing mental wellbeing in homes, workplaces and communities.)

Question 23

Federal government

Answer 23

the administration of medicare: funding to medicare, day-to-day running.
quarantine: responsible for protecting Australia’s boarders, this includes hazards that may enter the country.

Question 24

State government

Answer 24

delivery of health services: public hospitals, ambulance services, public dental.
regulating state-based services: licensing GPs, licensing private hospitals, legislation including road rules.

Question 25

Local government

Answer 25

removal of waste weekly, water quality testing, immunisations.

Question 26

Medicare

Answer 26

medicare is australia’s universal health insurance scheme which is funded by the federal government through a 2.00% medicare levy, a medicare levy surcharge (if the dint have private health insurance) and other taxation.

• make healthcare affordable
• give access to healthcare
• high quality care

Question 27

advantages of medicare

Answer 27

• available to all australian’s
• covers scheduled fees, tests and gp visits
• australia has access to healthcare in selected countries

Question 28

disadvantages of medicare

Answer 28

• no choice of doctor
• waiting lists
• doesnt cover full amount of the visit

Question 29

medicare is funded through three sources of income

Answer 29

medicare levy
medicare levy surcharge
general taxation

Question 30

covered by medicare

Answer 30

hospitals: initial treatment and after care
medical: doctors fees and dental

Question 31

not covered by medicare

Answer 31

hospitals: costs associated with treatment in a private hospital. pays for 75%
medical: home nursing care or treatment.

Question 32

PBS

Answer 32

is a government run scheme that aims to provide essential medicines to people who need them, regardless of their ability to pay. drugs are regularly reviewed by the PB advisory committee.

Question 33

private health insurance

Answer 33

is a user pays health insurance scheme which provides individuals with the option of hospitals and extras.
there are types, most health funds offer combined policies that provide a package of coverage.

Question 34

PHI advantages

Answer 34

• shorter waiting list
• more services and extras
• can choose the hospital and doctor

Question 35

PHI disadvantages

Answer 35

• low income earners can afford premiums
• difficult to understand
• waiting periods

Question 36

Australian dietary guidelines

Answer 36

have been developed to provide advice relating to all types and amounts of foods, food groups and dietary patterns that will help australian’s to

• reduce the risk of developing diet- related conditions
• reduce the risk of chronic conditions

Question 37

The Australian guide to healthy eating

Answer 37

a food selection tool incorporated into the guidelines. it assists them in planning and consuming adequate proportions of food.
the size of the sections shows the consumption of these foods.

Question 38

nutrition surveys

Answer 38

provides information on what australians are consuming. questions asked
- salt use
- food security
- alcohol consumption
this can be used to assess changes in dietary habits to allow comparison for future surveys.

Question 39

Australian non- government agencies

Answer 39

• act as a source of scientific information
• encourages nutritional knowledge
  e. g. publication of recipes