Unit 3, Explorers and Missions Flashcards
Who was Christopher Columbus?
Columbus discovered lands that were thought to be Asia, but he was in the Americas. He inspired many others to sail west.
Who was Hernan Cortes?
Cortes sailed from Cuba to the east coast of Mexico and established the settlement of Veracruz.
What was Alonso Alvarez de Pineda’s goal?
To find the “Northwest Passage (supposed sea route to Asia).
Who was Alvar Nunez Cabeza de Vaca?
He was the treasurer on board Narvaez’s expedition. He was one of the survivors, and he was captured by the Karankawa. He worked for them as a servant, trader, and healer. Estevanico used his language skills to help him survive.
What was Panfilo de Narvaez’s mission?
Sent to the coast to find gold, ended up stranded on Apalachee Bay because their ships left without them. He and many others died.
Who was Francisco de Coronado?
Coronado was sent to claim Cibola for Spain in April of 1540.
What was La Salle’s mission?
Sent to propose building a French colony at the mouth of the Mississippi River.
What was the name of the fort near Matagorda Bay? What problems did it face?
Fort St. Louis; It was unable to grow crops, many were killed by disease, and many were killed by the Karankawa.
What does Coronado do when he hears of Quivira?
El Turko tells Coronado a story of “Quivira”, a city said to be filled with gold. However, he was lied to and he instead found grass huts and corn. He had El Turko killed. In his report to the viceroy, he says the land is good for farming and is similar to Spain’s.
French took over land considered New Spain…
This led them to regain interest in Texas.
What year did Pineda see and map the Texas Coast?
1519
Why does Hernan Cortes turn away from Veracruz?
He learned of the wealthy Aztecs and wanted to make them a subject of Spain.
What was the Aztec capital?
Tenochtitlan
What happened after Cortes arrived in Tenochtitlan?
Cortes took Moctezuma captive. The Spaniards and Aztecs started fighting, and Cortes gathered allies. In May 1521, the Spaniards and their allies attacked Tenochtitlan and won.
What happened to Tenochtitlan after?
Cortes built Mexico City on top of the ruins of Tenochtitlan.
What ended up happening to La Salle?
He was a bad navigator and missed the mouth of the river by 400 miles, and a privateer stole his ship. Eventually, the settlers led a mutiny against him, and they murdered him.
What did Pineda accomplish?
He mapped the coast from Florida to Veracruz in Mexico. He was also the first European to SEE Texas.
What did Fray Marcos de Niza find?
He thought he saw a shining city of gold, but it was just a Puebloan village in the setting sun.
After how long did Cabeza de Vaca and his group find Spanish soldiers in Mexico?
8 years
Why did Europeans want to reach Asia?
It was rich in spices, tea, silk, and porcelain.
What were Europeans looking for in the 1400’s?
They began looking for an all water route to Asia.
Where did Columbus land and where did he think he did?
An island in the Bahamas; In the Indies
What helped the Spanish conquer the Caribbean?
Their military and diseases
What year was San Antonio de Bexar (San Antonio) founded?
1718
Who opened the most successful mission?
Jesus
Who asked the French to reopen San Francisco de Los Tejas?
Hidalgo
Who wanted to build a mission among the Caddo?
Damian Massanet
Father of the Rio Grande Valley (6,000 people lived in his settlements, he founded 20 missions in Texas)
Escandon
What is a mission?
Built to promote Christianity among the Natives
What is a Presidio?
Built to house the soldiers who protect the settlers
What is a stockade?
A crude fort
What is a town?
Built to house settlers
What’s a friar?
A catholic priest who belongs to a religious group.
What did San Francisco de Los Tejas accomplish?
Strengthened Spain’s claim to Texas; Showed Spain that colonies needed families to settle
What were 3 purposes of San Juan Bautista?
Soldiers of the presidio protected settlers and fought Natives; it provided grain, cattle, and horses to other settlements; and it was a listening post for news about the French
Olivares founded what mission across the river from San Antonio de Bexar?
San Antonio de Valero
