Unit 3 Check In Quiz Flashcards
What is diffusion?
The process by which a cultural trait spreads from one place to another over time
Includes two broad categories: relocation diffusion and expansion diffusion.
What is relocation diffusion?
The spread of cultural traits or ideas through the movement of people
Example: Christian missionaries traveling to seek converts.
What is cultural hearth?
A place where a trait originates and initially diffuses or spreads from there
Example: A language spreading through colonization or immigration.
What is expansion diffusion?
Occurs when a culture spreads outward from where it originated but remains in its place of origin
Example: Islam spreading worldwide while remaining strong in the Middle East.
What is contagious diffusion?
When an idea or cultural trait spreads adjacently to people or places that are next to one another
Example: An outbreak of a disease spreading through person-to-person contact.
What is hierarchical diffusion?
The spread of an idea or trait from a person or place of power to others
Example: A fashion trend starting with a celebrity and spreading to the general public.
What is stimulus diffusion?
Occurs when the fundamental idea behind a cultural trait stimulates a new innovation
Example: John Deere developing a steel-bladed plow based on the need for better tools.
What is acculturation?
When people within one culture adopt some traits of another while retaining their distinct culture
Example: Muslim women adopting fashion trends while wearing traditional hijabs.
What is assimilation?
A category of acculturation where one culture adopts almost all traits of another
Example: U.S. government forcing American Indian children to attend boarding schools.
What is syncretism?
Traits from two or more cultures blending together to form new customs or ideas
Example: Santeria, a religion that developed in Cuba from African and Roman Catholic influences.
What is multiculturalism?
The coexistence of multiple distinct cultural groups within a society
Example: Americans sharing a dominant culture while retaining aspects of various ethnicities.
What is Cultural Appropriation?
Adopting elements of other cultures, often controversial ex: Halloween
Collectivist Culture
People are expected to conform to collective responsibility with the family, and obey their elders
Example: Traditional values in Africa and Asia conflicting with individualism in younger generations.
