Unit 3 Anatomy Flashcards
What are the 3 main parts of a cell?
Plasma membrane, Nucleus, Cytoplasm
What are ribosomes composed of?
two subunits containing protein and rRNA
What does the endomembrane consist of?
nuclear envelope, endoplasmic reticulum, golgi apparatus, lysosomes and vesicles
What is the mitochondria?
rod-shaped organelles bound by a double membrane (powerhouse of cell).
What is the Cytoskeleton composed of?
Microtubules, intermediate filaments, actin, filaments.
Passive processes vs Active processes
Passive processes – does not require cellular energy (ATP)
Active processes – requires cellular energy.
describe osmosis and when it occurs
the diffusion of water across a plasma membrane, it occurs when there is an unequal distribution of water on either side of a selectively permeable membrane
What is tonicity?
concentration of solute versus the concentration of water
describe endocytosis (bring into the cell)
the plasma membrane envelopes a substance and forms an intracellular vesicle.
describe exocytosis
takes out of the cell
a vesicle fuses with the plasma membrane as secretion occurs.
What is the cell cycle?
A set of stages that takes place between the time a cell divides and the time the daughter cell divides.
What are the two parts to a cell cycle?
interphase and mitotic stage
Three stages to the cell cycle?
G1 phase, S phase, G2 phase
Mitotic stage (m stage) is divided into what two phases?
Mitosis –division of nucleus and
Cytokinesis –division of the cytoplasm
Mitosis consists of what four phases?
prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase.
