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AP Hug > Unit 2 Vocab > Flashcards

Unit 2 Vocab Flashcards

1
Q

What is Ecumene?

A

Land permanently inhabited by humans.

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2
Q

What is Population Doubling Time?

A

Time it takes for a population to double.

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3
Q

What is an Immigrant?

A

Person moving into a new country.

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4
Q

What is Population Distribution?

A

How people are spread across an area.

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5
Q

What is a J-Curve?

A

Rapid population growth pattern.

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6
Q

What is an Emigrant?

A

Person leaving their country.

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7
Q

What is Arithmetic Population Density?

A

Total population / total land area.

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8
Q

What is Population Growth?

A

Increase in population size.

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9
Q

What is Net Migration Rate (NMR)?

A

Immigrants - emigrants per 1,000 people.

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10
Q

What is Physiological Population Density?

A

Population / arable (farmable) land area.

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11
Q

What is Population Decline?

A

Decrease in population size.

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12
Q

What is Forced Migration?

A

When people are forced to move, like in wars.

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13
Q

What is Agricultural Population Density?

A

Farmers / arable land area.

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14
Q

What is Zero Population Growth (ZPG)?

A

Births equal deaths; stable population.

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15
Q

What is a Refugee?

A

Person fleeing danger or persecution.

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16
Q

What is Population Pressure?

A

Demand on resources due to population.

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17
Q

What is Infrastructure?

A

Basic systems (roads, schools, water) of a region.

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18
Q

What is an Internally Displaced Person (IDP)?

A

Person displaced within their own country.

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19
Q

What is Carrying Capacity?

A

Maximum population an area can sustain.

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20
Q

What is the Demographic Transition Model (DTM)?

A

Stages of population growth and change.

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21
Q

What is Sex Ratio?

A

Number of males per 100 females.

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22
Q

What is an Asylum Seeker?

A

Person seeking protection in a foreign country.

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23
Q

What is Age Structure?

A

Distribution of ages in a population.

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24
Q

What is Demographic Momentum?

A

Continued growth after fertility rate drops.

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25
Q

What is Voluntary Migration?

A

Choosing to move to a new place.

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26
Q

What is Dependency Ratio?

A

Ratio of dependents (young and old) to working-age people.

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27
Q

What is the Epidemiological Transition Model (ETM)?

A

Shift in disease patterns over time.

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28
Q

What is Involuntary Migration?

A

Moving without choice.

29
Q

What does Per Capita mean?

A

Per person.

30
Q

What is Interregional migration?

A

Movement between regions.

31
Q

What is Rate of Natural Increase (RNI)?

A

Birth rate - death rate.

32
Q

What is a Pandemic?

A

Worldwide spread of a disease.

33
Q

What is Intraregional migration?

A

Movement within the same region.

34
Q

What is a Population Pyramid?

A

Graph showing age and sex of a population.

35
Q

What is a Degenerative Disease?

A

Long-term illness that worsens over time.

36
Q

What is Transnational migration?

A

Movement between countries.

37
Q

What is a Cohort?

A

Group of people with a shared characteristic.

38
Q

What is Malthusian Population Theory?

A

Idea that population grows faster than resources.

39
Q

What is Transhumance?

A

Seasonal migration of livestock.

40
Q

What is Fertility?

A

Birth rate in a population.

41
Q

Who are Neo-Malthusians?

A

Supporters of Malthus’ theory, focus on resource limits.

42
Q

What is Internal Migration?

A

Moving within the same country.

43
Q

What is Total Fertility Rate (TFR)?

A

Average children a woman will have.

44
Q

What is Famine?

A

Extreme food shortage.

45
Q

What is a Migration Stream?

A

Pattern of people moving from one place to another.

46
Q

What is Crude Birth Rate (CBR)?

A

Number of births per 1,000 people.

47
Q

What is Pronatalism?

A

Policies encouraging population growth.

48
Q

What is Chain Migration?

A

Migration based on family/community links.

49
Q

What is Crude Death Rate (CDR)?

A

Number of deaths per 1,000 people.

50
Q

What is Antinatalism?

A

Policies discouraging births.

51
Q

What is Step Migration?

A

Migration in stages toward a final destination.

52
Q

What is Mortality?

A

Death rate in a population.

53
Q

What are Social Values?

A

Cultural beliefs guiding behavior.

54
Q

What is a Guest Worker?

A

Person temporarily working in a foreign country.

55
Q

What is Life Expectancy?

A

Average lifespan in a population.

56
Q

What is Family Planning?

A

Control of birth rates through education, contraception.

57
Q

What is Brain Drain?

A

Loss of skilled workers to other countries.

58
Q

What is Child Mortality Rate?

A

Deaths of children under age 5 per 1,000 births.

59
Q

What is Contraception?

A

Methods to prevent pregnancy.

60
Q

What is Rural-to-Urban Migration?

A

Moving from countryside to cities.

61
Q

What is Migration?

A

Moving from one place to another.

62
Q

What are Ravenstein’s Laws of Migration?

A

Theories about migration patterns.
Migration is typically short in distance
Most migration is due to economic factors

63
Q

What is an Intervening Opportunity?

A

A chance that influences migration.

64
Q

What is Rate of Natural Increase?

A

Births minus deaths in a population.

65
Q

What are Push Factors?

A

Reasons people leave an area.

66
Q

What is an Intervening Obstacle?

A

Barrier that hinders migration.

67
Q

What are Pull Factors?

A

Reasons people move to a new area.

68
Q

What is Arable Land?

A

Land suitable for farming.

69
Q

What are Literacy Rates?

A

Percentage of people who can read and write.

AP Hug (2 decks)

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