Unit 2 (The Genome)

Question 1

What is a genome?

Answer 1

The complete set of genetic information of an organism.

Question 2

What is a diploid? How is a diploid cell noted?

Answer 2

1. A type of cell that contains a matched pair of chromosomes
2. Designated as 2n.

Question 3

What are gametes?

Answer 3

Gametes are the reproductive cells of an organism, also known as sex cells. (ex. sperm, egg)

Question 4

Where are types of cells are classified as haploid cells? What types are diploid?

Answer 4

1. Gametes (sex cells)
2. Somatic (every cell in the body other than gametes)

Question 5

What are haploid cells? How are they denoted?

Answer 5

1. Cells that have half as many chromosomes as diploid cells, and the chromosomes are not paired with each other, but rather, individual.
2. n

Question 5

What type of reproduction do haploid cells go through? Diploid cells?

Answer 5

1. Meiosis
2. Mitosis

Question 6

How many chromosomes do human gametes have? How many do human somatic cells have?

Answer 6

1. 23 (n)
2. 46 (2n)

Question 7

What are homologous chromosomes?

Answer 7

This is another way of referring to paired chromosomes.

Question 8

What does “locus” refer to?

Answer 8

The locus is the location in which a gene can be found on a chromosome.