Unit 1 test Flashcards
This organelle modifies, sorts and packages proteins and other materials from the ER for either storage within the cell or secretion outside the cell.
Golgi apparatus
Type of cell that contains a nucleus
Eukaryote
Process that releases energy by breaking down glucose and other food molecules in the presence of oxygen
Cellular Respiration
What is the basic unit of life for all organisms
cells
What is the process by which a cell surrounds a substance, enclosing the substance in a portion of the membrane.
Endocytosis
small organelle filled with enzymes. digest or breaks down lipids, carbs, and proteins into small molecules that can be used by rest of cell
lysosome
This organelle is responsible for the synthesis of proteins
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
processes that don’t require oxygen and process that do require oxygen
aerobic/anaerobic
the division of a cell’s nucleus
mitosis
what is the network of thin, long, fibers that supports the cell called
cytoskeleton
process of glucose being broke in half, producing two molecules of pyruvic acid
Glycolysis
double layered sheet that makes up the cell membrane
lipid bilayer
The aerobic process that follows Krebs Cycle/Process that uses the high energy electrons from the Krebs cycle to convert ADP into ATP
ETC
Group of proteins that regulate cell growth
cyclins
what are the organelles that help assemble proteins?
Ribosomes
process where pyruvic acid is broken down into CO2 in a series of energy-extracting reactions with, that does require oxygen
Krebs Cycle
The transport of specifically water takes place in this mode of passive transport
osmosis
this molecule is an electron carrier present in cellular respiration
NAD+
The region where two chromatids are connected
centromere
what organelle produces the chemical energy the cell needs
mitochondria
in which phase of the cell cycle does chromosome replication take place
S Phase
process of cell dividing into two new “daughter” cells
cell division
small dense region within nucleus, where assembly or ribosomes begins
nucleolus
lactic acid and alcohol are the products of this process
fermentation
the division of a cell’s cytoplasm
cytokinesis
what kind of transport requires the use of energy
active transport
in which phase of the cell cycle does mitosis and cytokinesis take place
M Phase
First and longest phase, moves to opposite sides of the nucleus, help organize the spindle, chromosomes visable and nucledid disappears
Prophase
in which phase of cell division do the chromosomes line up down the center of the cell
Metaphase
in which phase of cell division do the chromatids separate and move to opposite sides
Anaphase
nuclear envelope reforms around each cluster of chromosomes and nucledid reapears
Telophase
